Effects Of Different Land Use Patterns On Carbon Emission Of Heilongjiang Province

With the rapid development of social economy in our country, the carbon emissions is also rising, which seriously affected the climate change, leading to the enhanced greenhouse effect,speed up the pace of global warming. Studies have shown that: the land use change is one of the important factors causing the increase in carbon emissions, its role after the burning of fossil fuels.The carbon emissions generated by the conversion between different land use types accounted for more than 30% of total carbon emissions of human. Heilongjiang province is an important commodity grain base, but in recent years with the rapid economic growth and the urgent hope of grain production, land use change and carbon emissions continue to increase, according to the researchers, from 2001 to 2007 in Heilongjiang Province carbon emissions increased by 55%,which led to the climate warming, precipitation anomalies etc, it has a serious impact on the food security.Under such a background, this paper selects Heilongjiang Province as the research regional,analysis of 2004-2012 in different types of land use change, using the model to study the intensity of land use change and efficiency; select appropriate carbon accounting model to account carbon emission/absorption of types of the land use in Heilongjiang Province, carries on the quantitative analysis of carbon emissions’ s changes and trends; through the study of land utilization of marginal changes of carbon emission, analysis of temporal and spatial variation of carbon emission intensity, and the Heilongjiang Province land use of interregional effect of carbon emissions to study the land use change of carbon emission effect in Heilongjiang Province. Finally,put forward relevant countermeasures and suggestions in the way of "carbon reduction" and "carbon sinks", in order to provide the basis and decision support for low-carbon land use in Heilongjiang province. The main conclusions are as follows:(1) In 2004-2012 years the Heilongjiang province land use change in the larger. The magnitude of the change, the cultivated land, construction land increased by 4016000 hectares,26200 hectares. Among them, the cultivated land has the biggest change, the increasing rate is greater than the construction land. And grassland, forest land and garden tended to decrease,reduce the area of 1148200 hectares, 168700 hectares, 15200 hectares, reduce speed respectively is: Garden>grassland>woodland.(2) In nine years of land use in Heilongjiang Province carbon emissions showed a growth trend, change is more obvious, rose from 362838200 tons in 2004 to 904714900 tons in 2012,increased up to 149%. It can be divided into two stages from the overall trend: the first stage:2004-2011, is in a period of rapid growth, an increase of the total 552144400 tons, increased up to152.2%; the second stage: 2011-2012, steady decline, the total amount reduced to 10267700 tons,decrease of 1.1%.(3) From the various land use types, construction land and farmland as carbon emission source, cultivated land, woodland, grassland and garden as carbon sink. The vast majority of regional carbon emissions from construction land, although the agriculture land carbon emissions continue to increase, but the absolute amount is relatively small, it was little impact on carbon emissions; the cultivated land’s carbon sink was in irregular fluctuation. Carbon sink is mainly from cultivated land and forest land, grassland and orchard area due to reasons of carbon emission effect is small; The net carbon emissions showed a rising trend overall, the total carbon emissions and the net carbon emissions trends consistently, in which carbon emissions comes from the vast majority of construction land; the averge land carbon emission intensity, the averge construction land carbon emissions intensity and the industrial economic development level was positively proportional In the future should focus on control of carbon emissions from construction land.(4) Carbon emissions in Heilongjiang province regional differences are very obvious,carbon emissions are mostly concentrated in the south of Heilongjiang, like Qigihar City, Daqing City, Suihua City, Harbin City, four cities, in 2010 the carbon emissions account for 58.17% of the province, the city of Yichun, Daxinganling area, Mudanjiang City, the total carbon emissions and carbon emissions intensity was low, in which the city of Yichun in 13 cities is the lowest, only4.19 tons / hectare. Land use structure especially the construction land ratio will directly affect the size of carbon emission intensity.