The Research Of Small And Micro-enterprises’ Bank Financing Problems

Since the reform and opening up, small and micro enterprises in China have been rapidly developing and have been an irreplaceable part of the economy. Besides, they are playing a vital role in economic development and are important for promoting the process of urbanization and narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas. But financing problems have been restricting the survival and development of them. However, there has been a huge gap between the demand and supply of bank loans because of asymmetric information and other issues. Therefore, studying the bank financing problems of small and micro enterprises systematically and deeply is of greatly significance, which can help break the financing difficulties and then promote the healthy development of small and micro enterprises,This paper is based on bank credit theory and asymmetric information theory. It studies the bank financing problems of small and micro enterprises from the perspective of asymmetric information. In this process, it uses literature research and experience summary and other ways. It starts from defining the relevant concepts, and then studies the current situation and financing structure as well as bank financing characteristics of small and micro enterprises. After that, it points out asymmetric information is the fundamental reason that causes the bank financing difficulties of small and micro enterprises. SME’s self advantages, commercial banks’ lack of financial innovation and the government’s control over interest rates are main reasons for the huge gap of bank financing.On this basis, the paper learns from the experience of the United States, Germany and Japan who successfully ease the bank financing problems of small and micro enterprises, and realizes more support from the government, sound finance system and perfect revelation credit guarantee system are needed to ease the problems. Then, it uses the actual data of commercial banking business to empirically analyze factors which restricting small and micro enterprises to obtain bank loans. Finally, it gives relative suggestions to overcome asymmetry information and ease the bank financing problems from the perspective of the government, commercial banks and small and micro enterprises.