A Comprehensive Analysis And The Improvement Measures On World Bank Loan Ecological Methane Project In Anhui Province

With its rapid development, Chinese economy brings about a series of severe environmental problems. The environmental degradation affects almost every field of the society. However, various reasons lead to this result, including agriculture. The intensification and mechanization of agriculture, the desertification of land, natural disasters and overuse of pesticide and chemical fertilizer, as well as the development of livestock husbandry, all have impacts on the resources and environment. Even though more and more immigration of the rural labor force to downtown non-agricultural region, agriculture still remains the foundation of farm living. Furthermore, the future life of the peasants will still depend on the effective utilization of natural resources. Therefore, Chinese government regards methane as the means to improvement farm life and one of the effective ways to solve environmental degradation. So far, China has put a lot of manpower and material resources into the production of methane with human and animal excreta and other organic waste. The reason why the government pay much attention to methane is because that it has a lot of external benefits. Moreover, most importantly, it brings about remarkable benefit to economy, society and environment.Taking 16 project county (city or region) in Anhui Province as the study object, and by means of field research and questionnaire, the thesis gives a deep analysis on the "present condition of methane construction and utilization" among the peasants. The questionnaires are sent directly, which covers 16,68, and 1470 to county, city and region respectively. The effective questionnaires are 16,68 and 1445 copies. The result shows as the following:(1) The investment and utilization of methane digester.16 project counties (cities or regions) construct one family methane digester (including the rebuilding for three or five times) with the investment of 4,989 RMB, with the utilization 10.45 months per year, number of defect 0.83, and the production meets the need of around 60% farm families. (2) The follow-up service. The sanitary condition of 82% farm families is improved. There are averagely 50 service network stations and 288 farm families being served, most of whom are clear about the location of the service station and think the maintain and reparation can be realized on time when there is a breakdown. (3) The comprehensive utilization of methane.79% of sample families use methane to boil water and cook,21% to illuminate, which shows that the main function of methane lies in daily life. The methane residue and slurry are fully used without secondary pollutants. On the basis of methane project, the experiment region develop ecological agriculture, of which 57% are "pig-methane-vegetable",26% are "pig-methane-rice" 14% are "pig-methane-fruit" and 3% are of other modes (mainly "pig-methane-tea"). (4) Project benefit. In terms of economy benefit,75% users think that it increase revenue and reduce expenditure, the resource of revenue mainly lies in the volume increase of production and the sales revenue of ecological products, and reducing expenditure lies in less money cost on fuels, fertilizer and pesticide. In terms of social benefit, the construction of methane provides jobs to the farm labor, and accelerates the industrial restructuring. Meanwhile, the traditional sense of the beneficial is transformed, the quality is improved, the labor intensity is lightened and the female life is developed in an all-around way. In terms of environmental benefit, the methane project largely reduces the emission of greenhouse gases such as CO2, reduces the application amount of pesticide, chemical fertilizer and deforestation. The forest and plants are protected, the sanitary of families is improved and the occurrence rate of infectious disease is reduced.Finally, based on the result of field research, the thesis gives an analysis on the problems exist in World Bank Loan Ecological methane Project in Anhui Province. The thesis holds the idea that the problems lie in the slowness of development, lack of technology support and management, lack of government support and investment, and so on. Furthermore, according to the problems, the thesis provides practical suggestion including the enhancement of the follow-up service and construction, effective measures, paying equal attention to the supervision and management, application of different industry mode within different environment, and improvement of the knowledge on professional technology, and so on.