Characteristics And Evolution Of Farmers Differentiation In The New Period

Since the reform and opening up, the issues related to farmers have attracted the attention of government, and will be the basic problems of Chinese society in the next few years. In this paper, taking Anhui Province as an example and using the empirical methods of investigation on the base of judge on the current peasantry differentiation., behavioral characteristics of farmers with different social status have been investigated intensively, the difficulties faced by peasantry differentiation have been pointed out, and the corresponding path of the further differentiation of peasant have raised.The results show that the structure of rural society develops gradually into a steady state with the increasing of the degree of peasantry differentiation, indicating a significant social progress. Although there are a considerable part of farmers feel confused with their social differentiation in the transition period, and can not recognize the situation of social disintegration caused by market-oriented reforms accurately, but most of the farmers are positive with the rationality and justice of the current distribution of social resources. In Anhui Province, the level of social differentiation of peasants has a close relationship with their income, jobs and education backgrounds. Increasing farmers’income has a high consistence with the peasantry differentiation; Enhancing farmers’education level has a positive correlation with the rural economic development and the peasantry differentiation; the income levels of farmers have a close relationship with their education levels. From a regional point of view, peasantry differentiation in northern, central and southern Anhui Province is not balanced. Processing of remaining assets can most directly reflect the level of rural economy development and peasantry differentiation. Farmers in Anhui Province already have high awareness of market investment. The richer of the farmers is the higher market awareness of them. But for various reasons, such as the transfer of land contract right is constrained and the transition of the contract period is uncertain, many farmers bring their money to build a new house for mutual competition, rarely investing assets on the land. On the other hand, many farmers live in the countryside for a long time. Because of lacking information and be afraid of any risks, only a small part of farmers can invest their assets in industrial development. Because many farmers have tunnel vision, their demands are easy to meet and they are used to living in the local small-scale, resulting in an obvious phenomenon that rich farmers attach importance to social status, but show Indifference to culture preferences.Based on the above conclusions, the paper finally puts forward relevant policy suggestions. The system planning and scientific rationality choice of policy, efforts to bring some negative effects of long-term social problems caused by the differentiation of peasants in the whole society is reduced to the minimum; improve the farmers’ cultural quality should be the liberation of remodeling and the traditional farmers, an important way to promote social progress and promote the differentiation of peasants; in accordance with the law moderate control of peasant economic differentiation, timely, accurate, deep and systematic study on the differentiation of peasants, control its trend of development, a reasonable guide and regulate accurately.