Theory And Countermeasures Of Nationanl Value Chain In Terms Of Marxist Economics

Processing trade is the main way for China to integrate into the international division of labor. In the global value chain system, we major in the low value-added production-manufacturing segments, which resulted in low-end-locking of the manufacturing industry. To break through the division of global value chain system dominated by the developed countries, we China must accelerate the pace to establish the national value chain which based on the local market demand and the independent innovation.Although Marx did not put forward the value chain theory systematically, but he had made some description and analysis about value chain division prospectively. This paper will try to collate and mine Marx’s division of value chain theory from "Das Capital" and other manuscripts. The paper will try to establish Marxist theory of national value chain based on this, and give a detailed explanation about it from some aspects:forming conditions, forming process, the basic characteristics, dynamic mechanism, profit source, basic forms, and the economic significance.The forming conditions of national value chain are the development of the system of the division of social labor, and the development of international division of labor, the international market economic globalization. The formation process of national value chain is this:under the action of the international law of value, the pursuit of surplus value of capital and competition lead to centralization and monopoly in some value chain segments; the "non-independence and specialized" of production process makes value chain division of labor possible; the development of transportation and information technology make industrial production get rid of the geographical restrictions; under the impetus of the indigenous multinationals, finally form the national value chain. The basic characteristics of national value chain are unity, contradiction, inequality, and nationality. The dynamic mechanism of the national value chain include:the contradiction between productivity and production relations; the nature of capital; independent technological innovation; the local market demand.The profits of the national value chain come from two aspects:from the perspective of the monopoly capital, the profits are from barriers the monopoly capital creates; from the perspective of the international value, the profits are from the international exchange of surplus value. So the national value chain can be summarized in three basic forms:industrial capital-driven, commercial capital-driven and financial capita-driven. Industrial capital-driven and business capital-driven are classified by the different functions of capital in the production process and distribution process. Industrial capital is responsible for the production of surplus value; business capital is responsible for achieving surplus value, while financial capital is to provide credit for the creation and realization of surplus value. The establishment of national value chain may increase return, increase employment, narrow the income gap and coordinate regional economic development.Wind power industry is a strategic emerging industry of our country; it is of great significance to build national value chain. Wind power industry chain can be divided in two stages:the exploitation of wind power, and the transmission and utilization of wind power, represent the supply side and the demand side of the wind power respectively. Wind industry supply side is driven by industry capital, and the demand side is driven by commercial capital, financial capital has played an important role on the supply side and demand side.The policy recommendations of building the national value chain are as follows: embedding in the global value chain from the function structure and product structure; collaborating the domestic value chain and global value chain; integrating industrial capital, commercial capital, and financial capital, so that the three forces work together; the invisible hand of the market and the visible hand of government hands work together.