Research On The Upgrading Of Technology Intensive Clusters From The Perspective Of Human Capital

With the arrival of the era of globalization, information technology andtransportation system has developed rapidly. And the flowing convenience of capital,goods, information and knowledge also has reached unprecedented levels. Asindustry cluster has advantages on economic benefit, social cost and innovation, ithas become an important driving force of economic development in many places.And with the deepening of industrialization, the status of technology-intensiveindustries has growing rapidly. Its developments level not only reflects the nationalor regional technological developments, which related to the ability of providingadvanced technology and material. Moreover, it determines the core competitivenessof a country or area. At present, due to the lack of independent innovation abilityand self-owned brand, most of the technology-intensive clusters in our country arelocked in the global value chain of low-end position, facing the strong pressure ofupgrading. Through combing the relevant research of domestic and foreign literature,from the perspective of human capital, this paper based on the human capital theory,enterprise ability theory, cluster upgrading theory as the foundation, takes theenterprise human capital, enterprise ability in the cluster as the basic elements of thestudy. The definition of human capital, enterprise ability and technology intensiveconnotation and dimension of cluster upgrading is based on the relevant research.By constructing an upgrading mechanism model of the technology-intensive clusterfrom the perspective of human capital, this paper has analyzed the relationshipbetween the model elements and puts forward theoretical hypothesis. We issued andcollected106effective questionnaires in Hangzhou software cluster and used thestructural equation model (SEM) to verify the hypothesis, the conclusions are asfollows: firstly, the enterprises’ technical human capital plays a significant role inpromoting enterprises’ technical capability in the cluster; secondly, managerialhuman capital plays a significant role in promoting enterprises’ managerialcapability in the cluster; thirdly, the technical capability of the enterprises in the cluster plays a significant role in promoting the upgrading of thetechnology-intensive cluster (including process upgrading, product upgrading andfunctional upgrading); fourthly, the managerial capability of the enterprises in thecluster plays a significant role in promoting the upgrading of thetechnology-intensive cluster(including process upgrading, product upgrading andfunctional upgrading). The above conclusion is helpful to solve the problems thatour country’s technology-intensive cluster encountered in the developing process(especially the problems of human resources), and provide a theoretical basis for thegovernment to put forward corresponding industrial cluster policy. Accordingly, thispaper puts forward relevant policy suggestions from four aspects of government,enterprises, universities and research institutions and intermediary organizations.Although this study has sampling area and other limitations, but the overall resultsstill has very important realistic meaning for the turning our industrial clusters intothe real "innovation clusters", fostering regional and industrial co mpetitiveness.Limitations of this study and future research directions are mentioned in the last partof this paper.