Study On The International Competitiveness Of China’s Agriculture Product

As a traditional agricultural country, China has always attached great importance to the development of agricultural trade. In order to fulfill the commitments, China adjusts radically the current agricultural policy to promote the effective supply of agricultural products and the income growth of farmers. But for much time, China’s agricultural trade is restricted by its development level and the environment of international trade. At present, China’s agricultural industry still suffers from a low development level and a slow growth rate on the whole, which leads to the widening gap between agriculture and industry. Meanwhile the international trade protectionism which was affected by the global finance crisis is experiencing a rising trend. China’s agricultural trade suffers greatly from the serious trade barriers of anti-dumping, anti-subsidy and technical barriers from the developed countries. The environment of agricultural trade is worsening.With the development of economic globalization, the international economic ties are closer and production factors, such as labor, capital, technology etc., can be in a free flow between economies, which will integrate resources. All countries want to establish a complete industry chain and get the dominant position in the international market. In the process of agricultural internationalization, the foreign capital and advanced technology will integrate greatly China’s agriculture resources. Under the circumstance that China’s agricultural industry, at present, has suffered from a low development level and hasn’t established an integrated chain yet, we will fall behind in the international resources reallocation if we fail in clearing our own agricultural resources’advantage, grasping industrial development and upgrade. Therefore, it is imperative to study the situation of China’s agricultural industry, assess the international competitiveness and find causes and solutions to the problems so as to acquire durable competitiveness and to take the initiative in international competition.This paper will analyze the international competitiveness of China’s agricultural products, find the causes and accordingly proposes countermeasures to further enhance the international competitiveness of these products.This paper has been divided into six chapters: Chapter one is the introduction. It introduces the research background and clarifies the significance of this paper, analyzes the related references and research achievements. Then it presents the research train of thought and the framework, and points out the innovation and deficiency of this paper.Chapter two introduces relevant theories of this paper and establishes evaluation indexes. The theories are about the international trade and the international competition. The evaluation indexes include international market share, trade competitiveness index and revealed comparative advantage index and land productivity index.Chapter three analyzes the production and trade situation of agriculture products. The production situation includes the scale and the structure of the production, and then gives a comparative analysis of agricultural production capacity of China, India and the United State. The trade situation includes export scale, export structure and export market of agricultural products. Analysis shows that the production scale of the agricultural products expands increasingly in the recent years, and the planting area and output have a trend of rapid growth. However, the agriculture structure is unitary, mainly composed of food crops. To compare with India and the United State, the production capacity of China’s agricultural products is weak. In the aspect of trade, the trade deficit expands while the scale of trade increases. The structure of product mainly consists of labor-intensive agricultural products and export market concentration is high.Chapter four gives a deep analysis of international competitiveness. The writer uses three indexes--international market share, trade competitiveness index and revealed comparative advantage index--to analyze the international competitiveness of main land-intensive agricultural product and main labor-intensive agricultural products. Due to the particularity of land-intensive agricultural products trade, land productivity index-natural condition, mechanization level and agricultural capital investment-is used to assess the actual comparative advantage of land-intensive agricultural products. Analysis shows that the international competitiveness of land-intensive agricultural products is relatively weak while the international competitiveness of labor-intensive agricultural products is relatively strong. But the overall international competitiveness of agricultural products is on the decline.Chapter five uses the Diamond Model to find out factors how to influence the international competitiveness of agricultural products. Analysis shows that China’s agricultural production obtains some development and improvement. However there are still some problems and China’s agricultural industry suffers from low quality of labor, shortage of capital and low quality of products. The agricultural transportation and processing industry is under-developed. The international competition conditions worsen, and the national support and protection is not enough.Chapter six accordingly proposes countermeasures to further enhance the international competitiveness of agricultural products.