| In recent years, the financial industry is developing rapidly from2000to2013. The whole financial institutions deposits increased from￥12,38trillion to￥104.38trillion, the loan ceiling increased from￥9.94trillion to￥71.89trillion, overall increased by nearly8times, which has made great achievements. However, the unbalance of regional financial development is existed in our country. The overall feature is that the eastern region is well developed, and the western regions is relatively backward. Such as the financial resource distribution, in2012, the central and the eastern region owned73%of business outlets,80.6%of financial capital,79.5%of employees in the financial, which had the majority of financial resources. According to financial capital gross, Guangdong Province, in deposit balance is29.9times, in loan balance is19.9times, and in GDP is24times than Ningxia, which we can see the great development differences exist among regions or cities in China. The regional unbalanced development will not only affects the overall pace of development of the financial system, but will also affects the efficiency of social resource allocation. Therefore, we analyzed difference of financial development, and then explored reasons for that. Finally, we propose the advice of coordinating the regional financial development.The reasons of affecting the regional differences can be summarized as five aspects:Differences in historical development, financial ecological difference, financial structure difference, financial fragility difference and policy adjusting control. Differences in historical development is mainly about Different development degree in different regions in different development period. Financial ecological environment is a kind of system formed by interacting with each other of the internal and external environment of financial system. The financial ecological differences mainly lie in the rule of law and regulations, economic foundation, the financial sector independence, enterprise credit, financial development, government services, social integrity, intermediary services and social security etc. Financial structural differences refer to area component differences in the financial system’s composition, resources distribution, business operations and cooperation state, including financial markets, financial instruments and the role of the relationship between financial intermediaries. Financial fragility refers to all the risk accumulation in the field of finance, mainly includes financing and credit financing. The regional financial fragility difference is related to the ability of operating on high borrowings and the ability to assess for banks and the ability of financial risk control. The differences of financial policy regulation are referred to the different reaction of different regions when the uniform monetary policy and the macroeconomic regulation policy is carried out in domestic. Based on the analysis of the reasons of regional development differences, we made the empirical study based on the panel data of different provinces and cities from2000to2011, the conclusions can be brought as follow:firstly, in the model explanation, the monetization of economy and the financial intermediation ratio has great influence on the financial development, and have similar effects on the developed and the undeveloped regions; secondly, from the perspective of the correlation coefficient of the result, the rise of the degree of economic monetization leads more obvious effect in developed and undeveloped areas than medium developed areas. The high capital requirements in developed regions and the finance deepening and poor development in undeveloped regions, lead more reaction to the monetary policy. Thirdly, financial intermediary ratio mainly generates the negative correlation influence on the developed and the undeveloped regions. In developed regions, the direct finance requirements are gradually enhanced,and in the undeveloped regions, raising the ratio of the direct finance is beneficial to the financial diversified development. Decreased the ration is helpful to these regions.This paper adopted the theory and empirical methods, which was divided into five chapters:The first chapter is introduction, including the research background and research significance of problems, literature review, research ideas and structure as well as the innovation and deficiency of this article. The innovation of the article lies on multiple dimensions to examine the factors that influence the regional financial development difference. What’s more, the provincial units can reflect the essence of the financial differences perfectly. The deficiency of this article is that, on the one hand, the availability of data reduces the span of the date; on the other hand, the research methods need to be improved. The second chapter mainly illustrates relative financial development theory, which provide theory support for the financial development. The third chapter analyzes the regional financial development differences, including regional economical development differences, the financial development differences, the effective differences of financial regulation policy, and summarizes the reason of forming such kinds of differences. The fourth chapter is the part of demonstration, which elaborates through the demonstration routine, building and explaining the indicator system and the demonstration analyses. The fifth chapter summarizes the paper and offers some advices on coordinating the financial development, such as optimizing financial structure, improving the financial ecological and maintaining the financial stability. |
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