Research On Accounting Affairs In Share-Based Payment In China

Stock-based incentive started in America, and became famous in the 21th century. Although nowadays stock-based incentive is widely used in China, and relevant regulations and standards have regulations, the regulations and standards still have imperfect parts. This phenomenon constraints the development of stock-based incentive.The key point of this problem is the accounting about stock-based incentive. A scientific and reasonable accounting treatment has a close relation with the normalization and generalization of stock-based incentive and also has a great influence on its incentive effect. Therefore, how to constitute a sciemific and reasonable accounting system or standards about stock-based incentive became a big issue in the academic area.First of all, this paper discussed the theoretical basis of equity incentive, and pointed out that the principal-agent theory is the most fundamental cause of stock-based incentive, human capital theory is the cause of stock-based incentive’s development, the transaction cost theory is the internal driving force of the long-term existence of the stock payment. And the above three theories lead to the understanding of stock-based incentive, and then offer the theoretical guidance and support of suggestions on issues such as " similar stock-based incentive ".In the main part of this paper, the author made a comparative analysis of the international accounting standards, American accounting standards and China’s current accounting standards, and the analysis would provide theoretical support of the following discussion about problems in stock-based incentive income tax, and alos provide foundation of the improving suggestions.And then the author studied the cases and discussed the cases in the three aspects of confirmation measurement and disclosure of Accounting.To better discuss, the author focused on stock-based incentive by equity payment. And then, the auther concluded the problems in actual operation:the feasible number’s estimation, how to deal with cancellation and automatic termination, how to classify "similar stock-based incentive"an how to identify them, the estimation model of fair value, the chosen of parameter in the estimation model, the incomplete information disclosure.And then the auther discussed her main points on how to improve these problems:how to estimate the right amount, and how to push supervision on the number, how to classify cancellation and automatic termination of stock-based incentive, how to decide whether "similar stock-based incentive"should be judged as stock-based incentive, how to choose estimation model of fair value, how to choose the parameter in the estimation model and how to better information disclosure.And the author discussed how to give preferential tax to stock-based incentive according to the tax law in America.