A Study On The National Food Security From The Perspective Of Public Economics

As China is a developing country in the world, agriculture plays an important role in China’s economic development. For China, a large developing country with more than 1.3 billion people, the food security has always been a big problem.Since the reform and opening up, China has made great achievements in economic development, but the contradiction between grain production and the industry developing is getting more and more important. How to ensure economic development under the premise of food security has always been a hot issue. Most of the domestic scholars analyzed this problem from the perspective of cultivated land protection and food production, rarely research out of grain production itself, and the basic problems of economic development in less developed regions areas has not been researched very well. Whether the less developed rural areas need to be included in China’s modernization process? Can we release the red line of arable land? Whether the economic development and food security can be reached at the same time? Due to limitations of the old policy inertia or thinking patterns, the existing research even dare not or unwilling to study new possibilities to solve these problems which are against the traditional policy or thinking, thus can not come up with better solutions to economic development and food security. In this paper, through the historical context of human beings from survival to development, based on the theoretical survival logic from physiocracy to mercantilist, we provide new solutions and theoretical basis to balance China’s economic development and food security from a broader perspective.In the view of public economics, we discuss the logic of survival and our national food security strategy under the modern economic conditions firstly, then analyze the situation of China’s food security and land protection policies, point out the limitations of existing food security policy. Further comparative analysis of different foreign means to solve the food problem, then we explore the choice of food security in China on the background of modern transformation of mercantilism. On this basis, with the possibility of economic development to solve the food security analysis, the paper points out that the economic development is the way to solve the problem of food security rather than hinder: firstly, the economic development of the urbanization can reduce farmers’ live land; Secondly, population decline which the economic development lead to can reduce the food demand; Thirdly, dietary changes resulting from economic development can make the grain consumption decrease; Fourthly, economic development brings market improvement which can reduce food waste; Fifthly, economic development can bring energy use of alternative food consumption. Finally the thesis comes to the conclusion that at present, China should take the economic development as its strategic objectives. Under the current good international situation, China should complete its nationwide modernization transformation quickly, so as to thoroughly solve the problem of food security.