| Food safety is our national security and sustainable economic and social development. It and energy security and financial security, ecological environment security together constitute the nation's economic security system. Food safety is not only influence the farmers'income, people's life, price stability and social order, and the impact on economic development and modernization, and even influence the nation's sovereignty and independence. In the 1980s, the practice of the household contract responsibility system, which greatly stimulated their production enthusiasm, and climate factors is beneficial for agricultural production, China's grain output growth. But because food security mechanism, which are not yet in existence of our country still exist food security risks and uncertainties and some potential crisis. Grain production resource configuration prevents the long-standing mechanism, food security has not been formed, hasn't really give food safety to effective supply enough resource based and mechanism. In 2003, China's grain sowing area, total grain output and per capita occupancy of grain are the lowest since the reform and opening up. And the "SAN nong" questions closely contact problem of food importance apparent.2011 premier wen jiabao in the 11 th national congress on the fourth session of the government work report to the food in the importance of the problem of the following:do this "solve the problem of the 1.3 billion Chinese people eat always is a top priority, any time cannot treat STH lightly." China's population, cultivated land per capita possession of area of lower than the world average level, can solve the food of effective supply of national economy and the people's livelihood, is related to the important strategic problem, can you guarantee food security directly affect the development of the society and stability. Therefore, to be sure, said food security is not only an important economic problem and a important political issues. The party and the government to ensure food security in always will be an important strategic position. The fifth plenary session of the central committee of the communist 15 first.Food safety is economic development, social stability and national security foundation. China is undergoing a period of rapid urbanization, industrialization, food consumption rigid growth. Food production face cultivated land and water resources constraint, especially cultivated land area per capita is only the world average of 40%, and freshwater resources per capita than the world average of 28%. Grain supply and demand in a tight equilibrium state,2007 2008 international food situation stiffer, the global food crisis. food prices are volatile international society caused extensive concern, the global food prices rising again. In November 2009 the food price index to again in September 2008. the highest level since. How to objective measure of food security situation in our country. proposes the guarantee the food security policy Suggestions of theoretical and realistic significance.No matter from the food safety system vicissitude, or by the new institutional economics to institutional change as the leading analysis paradigm, basic methods are based on the empirical research on certain standardization evaluation. The essential problem is food safety system the change what happened, why will appear this kind of change, these problem analysis belongs to empirical research scope and performance evaluation of system and the process different stakeholders (right) power structure change of analysis is a certain value must be based on the standard, belongs to the scope of the normative analysis. And on food security guarantee system change the empirical results finally to land on the application of China's food safety system analysis on the construction of the system.Throughout our country's food security system, concludes that the system doesn't form is not perfect, system construction. Food safety system exists in the party's policy documents more, every year there are different emphases, different degree of change. Direct consequence is that policy discontinuous and unstable. Even in 2003, to ensure the national food security written into these, of the People's Republic of China ". But the revised law stipulated in the relevant food security aspect content baseless too strong, don't be operable. System under the system of the importance of different people in different, thus behavior choice corresponds to different benefits. The national food security system is different the importance of the rules, the realization of grain security under the different degrees.2010 nationwide price soar up food prices rising to a certain degree, the country has promulgated a relevant policy manipulated. This shows food prices, food supply is a relationship to the entire country economy can develop continually, the stable key elements. And achieve food security stabilizing food prices, ensure food supply is first need to have the relevant system supply.Based on food security system as the solution to China's grain security problems on research point. The main research contents include:based on food security system vicissitude and the status in this paper, established food security guarantee system research a whole framework. Through to food security guarantee system vicissitude of the subject's action and change the path choice of analysis, the China's grain security system vicissitude of performance evaluation. Combining foreign experience, to China's grain Ann security system consummation Suggestions are as follows:construction food security system should include food security act, food security regulations, food security policy three different levels of the system. Present should first formulated food security act. In the laws and regulations to construct should be adhered in on farmer grain incentive mechanism, system construction as the core content of the key is to promote the grain production ability. Meanwhile to achieve with local government guarantee producing food safety responsibility to have specific provision, which can realize the place of benefit equilibrium between the government. In the existing system to ensure food safety ignore market, therefore, the role of institution of how to realize food security should be the government and market of the security of interactive are clearly defined. Meanwhile, in grain reserve system construction should consider how to reduce the cost of national security food security. |
