Employment Effect Research Of Local Fiscal Expenditure And It’s Structure Bias In China

Full employment is an important goal of macroeconomic policy,but also particular attention of the people’s livelihood at all levels of government. By the double impact of the adjustment of accelerating domestic economic structure, the gradual disappearance of the demographic dividend,the downward pressure on the economy and the faltering global economic recovery,China the employment situation is grim,the employment pressure is prominent. To solve the problem of employment is weak in the spontaneous rely on the market mechanism,the objective need of government regulation in order to achieve the goal of full employment. On the one hand,the fiscal expenditure policy is an important policy tool of state intervention in the economy to control unemployment. On the other hand,after the reform of tax system of local government fiscal autonomy arising from the "fiscal stimulus" as well as the promotion of performance appraisal system under the "political motivation",heavy investment in the construction,the less expenditure on public service". Different fiscal expenditure structure will affect the scale of employment and the employment structure through different pathways,so local fiscal expenditure and its structure bias has what influence to the scale of employment and the employment structure, is an important subject worthy of academic and government attention.In this paper,based on the review of the domestic and foreign relevant research and theory,first of all, draw a descriptive analysis of the current situation of China’s local government expenditure and expenditure structure bias, the number of employment and employment structure;secondly,carry out an empirical analysis and test on the scale of employment effect and the employment structure effect to our country local government fiscal expenditure and expenditure structure bias;finally,carries on the discussion to the revenue policy on promoting the employment of our country. The study reached the following basic conclusions:First, local government fiscal expenditure of China is existing production expenditure structural bias;with the expansion of the employment,the total amount of employment and employment structure are contradictory;in local government spending to promote economic growth gradually increased at the same time,the local government expenditure on the positive effect of employment growth decreased gradually,the local government fiscal expenditure the structure of bias plays an important role in the economic growth and employment growth deviation.Second,the size of local government fiscal expenditure,investment expenditures and expenditures growth promoting employment scale,expenditure for social security and employment has inhibitory effect on the quantity of employment;employment effect of local government expenditure is positive,but there are differences in the total amount of government expenditure structure effect of employment,the government investment expenditure,education and health to promote employment,expenditure for social security and employment inhibition of employment, which highlights the importance of fiscal expenditure structure on the employment effects of bias.Third,the scale of local fiscal expenditure has significantly positive influence on the second industry employment,has significantly negative influence effect on the first industrial employment,but had no significant effects on the employment in the third industry. Government investment expenditure can promote second industrial employment scale,but has the inhibitory effect on the employment in the third industry;science and technology education culture health expenditure has positive effect on the employment in the third industry, has an inhibitory effect on the first industry employment has no significant effect on the second industry employment;social security and employment expenditure has positive effect on the first industrial employment.Forth,the size of the local fiscal expenditure and urban employment are positive correlation,but the size of the local fiscal expenditure and rural employment are negative correlation. The difference of urban and rural investment in government spending promotes the development of urbanization,enlarges urban jobs. Government investment expenditure is conducive to urban employment,is not conducive to rural employment;science and technology education culture health expenditure has no influence on the expenditures of urban and rural employment;expenditure for social security and employment has a promoting effect on the urban employment,has an inhibitory effect on rural employment;the fiscal expenditure for agriculture can’t significantly influence the level of urban and rural employment.Fifth,promote employment scale,optimize the structure of employment policy include:the establishment of the economic development and expanding employment linkage mechanism;the adjustment of the financial expenditure structure and direction;the adjustment of industrial structure,the release of industry employment absorptive capacity;support for rural economic development and urbanization,coordinating urban and rural employment structure.