Research On Fare Equity Of Regular Public Transit Assessment Method

Recent years, the fairness of the regular bus fare is the hot issues to be discussed when talk about the fare reform, the sustainable and harmonious traffic in China. But how the fair degree of current fare systems, domestic scholars and scientific research institutions have not put forward the fare equity evaluation method about regular bus. The evaluation methods with comparison analysis proposed by foreign scholars must be based on a rich and detailed data as well as diversification fare policies, but the fact of domestic regular bus is just that lack of data and the single of the fare policy. So for Chinese scholars, it is in urgent need to put forward a fare equity evaluation method of regular bus that can match the present situation of. This paper present an evaluation method that can quantitative evaluate and analyze the given certain fare policy only with the IC card data, vehicle GPS data and related statistical yearbook data from the perspective of resources equity and cost equity.First of all, on the basis of analyzing the relevant research results at home and abroad, the concept of public transport "poor" group is put forward, which is used to present the vulnerable groups in the study of fare equity. And defining the connotation of fare equity from the perspective of having get and should pay with bus passengers, having pay and should get with bus companies, and cross-subsidy among bus passengers. On this basis, the fare equity can be divided into three types, which are resource equity, cost equity and group equity of groups fair, the resource equity is endowed with new meaning, namely train travelling opportunities and travelling space.When choosing the evaluating indexes, this paper firstly calculated the sensitive degree of each influence factor of fare equity, and rule out the poor sensitivity factors according to the results of the calculation. Considering the results of the influencing factors, fare equity connotation and the principle to select indexes, this paper pick out six indexes respectively from the angle of resources equity, cost equity and group equity, the indexes are the rush-hour traffic service coefficient, rush-hour passenger turnover, the fare Gini coefficient, price coefficient of expansion, cross subsidy rate based on distance and based on the concept of time cross subsidy rate, the calculation method of each index and the evaluation grade standard are also given.When choosing the evaluating model, through comparison and analysis of the commonly used comprehensive evaluation methods, the matter-element extension model is found that have the characteristic of result quantitative and rich meaning, which inclusive characteristics can consistent with the requirements of the fare equity, so the matter-element extension model is applied in the assessment of price fairness. When weighting the evaluation indexes, AHP-entropy is used to reduce a single method of subjective and objective effects.Finally, taking Suzhou 204 bus line with flat fare as a case, to apply and test the proposed fare equity evaluation method in this paper. Results show that the fair level of the bus line is "unfair", and correspond to the actual operation situation of the 204 bus line. So, the proposed fare equity assessment method in this paper is verified the feasibility and scientific nature.