Research On Financing Problems Of SMES In Economic And Technological Development Zone, Xi’an City

This essay research on the problem of small and medium enterprises(SEMS) in Xi’an Economic and Technological Development Zone(XETDZ)financing difficulties. With the background of our country economy entering new normal context, and the present national macroeconomic policies and SMES financing facing the new situation and new problems, respectively, from the definition, theory support, investigation and study, qualitative and quantitative analysis method combined with the wide application of the problem in detail and put forward the corresponding countermeasures and Suggestions based on the actual paper.The first chapter is main introduction. Financing is one of the main problems in the development of SMES. The after world financial crisis enhanced the SMES management difficulties. For credit resources continuous flu to large enterprise, financing difficulty becomes more prominent. In XETDZ, there are more than 10000 SMES, to conduct the research to solve the problem of SMES financing has the typical significance and practical significance; Through the research on SMES financing theory both at home and abroad, found the effective way to solve the problem of financing difficulties of SMES.With the new normal of our country economy, researching the problem is more necessary and urgent to XETDZ. Finally, we make the research ideas and methods clear, and points out the possible innovations.The second chapter is the introduction of SMES financing related theory. This chapter states from the definition of SMES in our country and the world’s major developed countries, makes the introduction of the development of SMES in our country and characteristic, analyzes the present situation of SMES financing and financing risk theoretically, makes the theoretical basis of the further research and analysis.The third chapter is the introduction of SMES financing present situation in XETDZ. Through the analysis of the investigation, we introduced the mode and characteristics of SMES financing, including the financing predicament and the reason. Through the analysis, we found that the region’s SMES financing mainly rely on bank loans, and their financing demand was very serious, and mainly focus on cash flow, financing cost is high, and financial institutions contact channel was also impeded; the reason of financing difficulties including the lack of effective collateral, the lack of enterprises integrity, high enterprises management risk, the lack of modern management idea, small size of enterprises, low credit level and other internal reasons. Further more, the external reasons including the defect of financial institutions in China, defects in capital market, the credit guarantee environment, government policy impact and so on.The fourth chapter is the introduction of foreign SMES financing practice and enlightenment. We mainly introduced the SMES financing policy and experience in United States, Japan and Germany. In the United States, they guide the SMES financing mainly through policy funds. In Japan, they guide the SMES financing by government management. In Germany, they guide the SMES financing by policy supporting, developmental finance play a guiding and leading role, then savings banks and cooperative banks cooperate with enterprise directly, social financing and credit guarantee system was build by the support of association of industry and commerce. All in all, the three countries adopted different patterns, but solve or alleviate the financing difficulties of SMES effectively.The fifth chapter is the suggestions of solving SMES in XETDZ financing difficulties. Combined with the practical situations of XETDZ, this chapter suggest that improve the corporate governance structure, enhance the core competitiveness, strengthen enterprise credit construction was effective way to improve the SMES own quality. XETDZ Management Committee should improve the policy support system by providing the subsidies guarantees, financing, risk investment subsidies, and making direct financing costs subsidize policy, encouraging guide enterprises to carry out the direct financing, breading the finance channels, waking the burden of high loan cost of small and medium enterprises through fiscal subsidize, guiding and influencing the financial institutions especially big Banks attach importance to SMES financing. We also should simplifying the credit approval process, with specialized personnel engaged in SMES financing, guide commercial Banks to improve the credit mechanism and product innovation, establishing hierarchical level credit marketing mechanism, vigorously develop small and medium-sized financial institutions, developing small loan companies, village Banks, finance leasing companies and other financial institutions, developing private financial institutions and the folk credit. Solving the problems need the SMES themselves, need government’s policy and platform and network, need financial institutions’ process and innovation, and also need the small and medium-sized financial institutions and private credit.The sixth chapter is the conclusion and prospect. The author of this paper reviewed whole content, and points out the limitations in the research, discussed the practicality and operability of the countermeasures.