Research On The Logistics Industry’s Input-Output Effciency And Effciency’s Influence Factors In China

The development of information technology and electronic commerce makes the logistics industry play an important role in the economic development, which has a vital influence on the industrial structure’s adjustment and economic profit’s add. However, China’s logistics industry exists several problems, such as high cost, decentralized industrial management and severe resource waste, which seriously weaken the competitiveness of China’s logistics enterprises and directly lead to the low efficiency. So, correctly realizing the current situation of the logistics industry and exploring the effect factor on the development of logistics industry are not only related to the logistics industry’s progress, but also to the sustainable development of national economy.In this paper, the logistics industry in China is regarded as the research object. And this paper makes the quantitative analysis focusing on three contents, which are the development trend, operating efficiency and the impact factors of the logistics industry. The first part is the development trend, mainly elaborating development scale, development structure and development speed; the second part mainly studies logistics industry’s efficiency from the views of overall trend and regional differences by computing logistics industry efficiency and decomposing Malmquist index; the third part analyses the impact factors on logistics industry efficiency from seven exogenous factors. Through the analysis of these three parts, this paper hopes that it can provide reference for the development of logistics industry.The results demonstrate:first, logistics industry’s efficiency in China has a considerable improvement space, due to the average efficiency of each province is less than 1, and the logistics industry’s efficiency in eastern coastal region is significantly higher than central inland region and western region, which indicates that there is a big difference between the regions. Second, the decline of technological progress is the reason why the whole logistics industry has a low efficiency, and it shows that the level of innovation technology in the logistics industry has not been improved significantly. In terms of regions, the pure technical efficiency in eastern region is not satisfactory, and the decrease of pure technical efficiency drags down the increase of technical efficiency, which means the eastern region has serious resources waste caused by the congestion phenomenon; the logistics industry’s efficiency in central inland region shows a negative growth, which is mainly influenced by the decline of both technical efficiency and technological progress; the decrease of technological efficiency in western region is slightly larger than the growth of technological progress, which indicates that the management problem is the main reason why western region has a low logistics efficiency. Third, China’s logistics industry efficiency has a positive correlation with the level economic development, the level of human capital, the construction of infrastructure, the degree of opening up and the development of electronic commerce, but the degree of opening up in western region is a negative correlation. While government intervention has a negative impact on the efficiency of the logistics industry, and the structure of property right has no significant impact on the efficiency. The improvements of economic development’s level and human capital’s level are the vital ways to advance the efficiency of the logistics industry in China.