Research On The Fiscal And Tax Policy Of Promoting The Development Of New Energy

Because energy is the foundation and driving force of national development, the security of energy supply is a great event concerning the national economic and political construction. However, though the use of traditional fossil energy played an important role in the thriving global economy and social progress since the Industrial Revolution,many developed countries such as America and Germany took the lead to adjust energy strategy, which regarding the clean and sustainable new energy as the future direction of energy over the last forty years because of the constant outbreaks of energy crisis and global environmental issues. As the largest developing country in the world, China has put enormous pressure on resources and environment and energy security because of the main consumption structure of traditional fossil energy, even restricted the process of sustainable development seriously. In order to alleviate the all forces, maintain sustainable energy supply and economic growth, and achieve the goal of building a well-off society, China also considers developing new energy as an important strategic choice. Because of the positive externality and public characteristic of new energy,fiscal and tax policy become the main means of government which can operate the development of new energy. The remarkable achievements of the implementation of policy are indeed true, but there are still many problems, such as poor technology,independent innovation ability, and insufficient consumption and so on, which expose the deficiency of that policy. Researching the fiscal and tax policy of new energy can not only summarize the policy achievements, but also find the shortage in comparative analysis, so as to provide suggestions to perfect the policy and promote the sustainable and healthy development of new energy.When it comes to the research methods, first, this paper analyses the necessity of government intervention in the development of new energy by using economics and public finance theory; and then this paper generalizes the implementation of the fiscal and tax policies on domestic and foreign situation through referring to the articles and works; finally, this paper draws lessons from foreign policy experience by the means of using comparative analysis. The main research content is as follows: First and foremost,based on the theory of externality and public goods, this paper analyzes the reasons of fiscal and tax policy supported the development of new energy, and then uses the income effect, substitution effect and the government purchase multiplier to analyze the mechanism of fiscal and tax policy during consumption link. They are all the basis of the paper. And secondly, use the data once again to demonstrate that, due to the unsustainability and perniciousness of traditional energy and the change of energy security and global energy situation, developing new energy vigorously is the only way which must be passed in our country. Thirdly, the implementation of the new energy fiscal and tax policy in China since 2006 is collected and analyzed, and paper summarizes the policy results, points out the shortcomings of strategies. And then,America Japan and Germany are forerunners which develop new energy, their policy system is relatively perfect. Therefore, this paper draws lessons from them, to form the inspiration on our new energy. Last but not least, in combination with the reality of China and foreign experience, the paper puts forward specific policy suggestions in view of the problems pointed in the evaluation of the policy. Mainly includes: On one hand, government should make fiscal policy tilt toward R&d link and consumption link,and increase the intensity of fiscal subsidies, and let the market parties participate in raising subsidies. On the other hand, government ought to perfect both incentive and restrictive tax policy, explore new tax incentives to enrich the form of policy. Besides,speeding up the pace of new energy legislation and playing the role of market mechanism in the development of new energy are also important at the same time.The innovation of this paper lies in: In the part of evaluation of the domestic fiscal and tax policy, this paper carries on detailed classification of policy and analyzes the problems existing in the policy, also summarizes the achievements that fiscal and tax policy has achieved. As to the part of policy recommendations, this paper puts forward more targeted and specific suggestions on the background of great changes of economy,society and energy situation.