Study On The Food Safety Situation Of The Meat And Meat Products In One Area

Objective:In recent years,food safety incidents occurred frequently,it has already become the focal point which now people pay attraction. Especially, during the meat producing process, add food additives will severe harm human health. Currently, China is the largest meat production manufacturer country in the world. Therefore, this study mainly focus on the security status of meat and meat products in one area, and give some suggestions and solutions to solve this security problem. Method:The samples were taken in circulation field and enterprises’ finished product warehouse in 2010 to 2014. The total number of fresh meat sampled was 683, and 177 batches from enterprises’ finished product warehouse, 232 from supermarkets, 153 from markets, 121 from restaurants. The total number of prefabricated meat sampled was 811, and 168 batches from enterprises’ finished product warehouse, 267 from supermarkets, 256 from markets, 120 from restaurants. The total number of cooked meat sampled was 756, and 200 batches from enterprises’ finished product warehouse, 188 from supermarkets, 176 from markets, 192 from restaurants.Sampling method:The rule for fresh meat sampling is as followed: each sample was no less than 1.5kg, and and Pre package sample should be no less than 3 independent package. Samples will divide into 2 parts, which 2/3 is the test sample and 1/3 is backup sample for re-examination. Prefabricated meat and cooked meat products were taken in the same batch product in enterprises’ finished product warehouse and the goods shelf, counter, storeroom in circulation field. In enterprises’ finished products warehouse, goods should be sampled in the same batch in different positions, and each sample was no less than 3 kg The pre-packaged products of marinated meat should be no less than 4 independent packing. 3/4 of the sample is the test sample and 1/4 is backup sample for re-examination.. The pre-packaged products of recuperated frozen meat and the other marinated meat were no less than 10 independent packing. 4/5 of the sample is the test sample and 1/5 is backup sample for re-examination.Test method:In the part of pollutants, Pb, Cd and Cr were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry, total mercury and total arsenic were determined by atomic fluorescence spectrometry, Benzene and(alpha) pyrene was determined by fluorescence spectrometry. In the part of food additive, benzoic acid, benzoic acids, rouge red and red were determined by HPLC. Nitrate and Nitrite were determined by Ion Chromatography. In the part of veterinary medicine residues, Lenobuterol hydrochloride, salbutamol, diazepam, tetracyclines, enrofloxacin, chlorpromazine, sulfonamides, furazolidonein, diethylstilbestrol and chloramphenicols were determined by LC-MS/MS. The determination results compared with the value specified in the national food safety standards, in order to determine whether the sample were qualified. Result:1. Qualified rate of fresh meatThe sample of fresh meat were taken 149, 138, 136, 127 and 133 batches during 2010 to 2014 respectively, the total sample was 683 batches. Detection the pollutants and veterinary medicine residues in the sample, among the major pollutants, the qualified rate of four items were 100%. Major veterinary medicine residues detection indicators, the qualified rate of tetracyclines, enrofloxacin, chlorpromazine, sulfonamides were 100%. Furazolidone inspection percent of pass is 99.3% in 2010, rate goes up to 100% in recently four years. Diethylstilbestrol’s pass percent is 100.0% in 2010 and 2011, but fell in next three years, qualified rates were 97.8%, 96.8% and 97%. And the trend of the chi-square test, wave detection index, clenbuterol(x2=3.656, df=1, P=0.056) 、 furazolidone(x2=2.000, df=1, P=0.157) and diethylstilbestrol(x2=3.396, df=1, P=0.065), of its qualified rate trend along with the change of year had no statistical significance.2. Qualified rate of prefabricated meatThe sample of prefabricated meat were taken 157, 147, 154, 172 and 181 batches during 2010 to 2014 respectively, the total sample was 811 batches. Detection of pollutants, food additives veterinary medicine residues and microorganism in the sample, among the major pollutants, the qualified rate of four items were 100%.Major food additives detection indicators, the qualified rate of benzoic acid, benzoic acids, rouge red and red were 100%. The qualified rate of Nitrate respectively were 63.7%、93.9%、96.1%、97.1%、97.8%. The qualified rate of Nitrite respectively were 94.3%、95.2%、96.8%、97.7%、97.8%.Veterinary drug residue detection indexes and microbial indexes pass rate of 100.0%. And the trend of the chi-square test, wave detection index, Nitrate(x2=2.331, df=1, P=0.127) and Nitrite(x2=3.740, df=1, P=0.053), of its qualified rate trend along with the change of year had no statistical significance.3. Qualified rate of cooked meat productsThe sample of cooked meat products were taken 143, 146, 155, 140 and 172 batches during 2010 to 2014 respectively, the total sampling was 756 batches. Detection of pollutants, food additives veterinary medicine residues and microorganism in the sample, among the major pollutants, the qualified rate of four items were 100%.Major food additives detection indicators, the qualified rate of benzoic acid, benzoic acids, rouge red and red were 100%. The qualified rate of Nitrate respectively were 96.5%、98.0%、97.4%、93.6%、89.0%. The qualified rate of Nitrite respectively were 97.2%、98.0%、98.1%、97.9%、95.9%. The qualified rate of shigella, salmonella staphylococcus aureus were 100.0%. The qualified rate of aerobic plate count respectively were 46.8%、83.6%、91.0%、95.7%、97.7%.The qualified rate of escherichia coli respectively were 76.9%、87.0%、92.3%、97.1%、98.3%. And the trend of the chi-square test, wave detection index, Nitrate(x2=2.741, df=1, P=0.098) and Nitrite(x2=0.861, df=1, P=0.354), aerobic plate count(x2=2.962, df=1, P=0.085) and escherichia coli(x2=3.674, df=1, P=0.055) of its qualified rate trend along with the change of year had no statistical significance. Conclusion:This research mainly focus on the security status of meat and meat products in one area. According to the summary in four indicates of pollutants, food additives, veterinary medicine residues and microorganism during 2010 to 2014:1. Research found that, during the period of 5 years, Lenobuterol hydrochloride, furazolidonein and diethylstilbestrol were unqualified in fresh meat, and the rate of qualified of Lenobuterol hydrochloride was 85.9% that was lowest in 2010.2. Nitrate and Nitrite were unqualified in prefabricated meat and cooked meat products in the five years; the rate of Nitrate qualified was 63.7% that was lowest in 2010, and the rates of qualified were above of 90% in the other years.3. Aerobic plate count and Escherichia coli were unqualified in cooked meat products in the five years; the rates of qualified were lower in 2010 and 2011.