Research On The Effect Of Our Country Commercial Banks’ Loan Structure On Its Performance

The loan assets, as the most fundamental and important part in the commercial bank of our country, so far, are still the main sources of bank profits. And the bank performance is a hot point in the whole banking, such as the bank scale, external environment, equity structure, which all have effects on bank performance. This paper will link the loan structure and bank performance. Although there are many literatures based on the credit configuration, the researches on the effect of the commercial bank loan structure on its performance are much less. There is no unified classification for loan structure at home and abroad, but the classifications are similarly unified. This paper will analyze from the perspectives of business type and industry structure on the loan structure.In addition, methods on bank performance are Public opinions divergent and are not yet unified. And they can be divided into two types from the empirical perspective, one focuses on the operational efficiency of banks, without considering the development capacity factors. It includes bank operating performance with considering the risk factors, and bank efficiency without considering the risk factors. Another method is taking bank performance as a comprehensive performance, includes operate performance, safety performance and development performance, which mainly analyzes performance by principal component analysis, to get a comprehensive performance value. Based on the comprehensive consideration of risk, income and cost, this paper choose the first kind, choose the risk adjusted rate of return RAROE and cost efficiency measured by SFA as bank performance measure indexes.This article analyzing from the two aspects of business type and industry structure, bases on the basis of previous related models, and by analyzing on panel data in the use of Stata11.0, eventually obtains the conclusions:In terms of business type, the proportion of personal loans has a significant positive influence on bank operating performance, the result for the proportion of company loans not significant, and the proportion of bill discounting has a significant negative influence; In terms of industry structure, the proportion of loans in various industries has also different influence directions on bank operating performance, the proportion of the water environment and public facilities management industry has a significant negative impact on operating performance of state-owned banks, the proportion of energy sector and postal service and transportation has a significant positive impact on the state-owned bank operating performance; the proportion of energy sector has a significant negative impact on the operating performance of joint-stock commercial banks, and the proportion of wholesale and retail trade and other service industries has a significant positive impact on joint-stock bank operating performance; the proportion of postal service and transportation has a significant negative impact on the city commercial bank operating performance And the proportion of manufacturing industry and real estate construction industry loans has a significant negative impact on China’s commercial bank operating performance, the proportion of science and education loans also has a weak negative impact on bank operating performance.As commercial banks make arrangements for loans mainly according to the market demand, but we can reach some general conclusions based on the empirical analysis of historical data, And put forward some reference suggestions for loan arrangements which base on market demand. So this paper proposes the following policy recommendations on commercial bank loan structure:first, to expand personal loans properly, develop the personal loan products. Second, develop and innovate the personal loan business, combined with mobile financial. Third, be reasonable to expand the market, cautious of blind expansion. Fourth, optimize industry orientation for different types of banks. Fifth, strengthen the risk management, optimize the loan risk management system.