Research On The Problem About The Private Provision Of Quasi-Public Goods In China From The Perspective Of Game Theory

The provision of quasi-public goods has an important role in modern economic and social development. This paper researches the problem about the private provision of quasi-public goods in China, based on the fact that PPP model has been developing thrivingly since the end of 2013. Quasi-public goods can be provided by government, the private or the cooperation of them(PPP model belongs to this form), however, in the process of government provision, there has been the problems including corruption, inefficiency and insufficiency, thus, the research on private effective supply mechanism of quasi-public goods has important practical significance, because it can relieve the government financial burden, improve the shortage of quasi-public goods supply in our country, and promote the efficiency of public goods supply in our country.This paper uses Game Theory as a research tool to explore private effective supply mechanism of quasi-public goods which is from two aspects of non-cooperative game and cooperative game. The non-cooperative game includes static game of complete information and static game of incomplete information. In static game of complete information, prisoners’ dilemma and chicken game turn out to be that the private doesn’t want to provide quasi-public goods in these two models, but in the model of boxed pigs game, the private would like to provide quasi-public goods singly, so the government can encourage more "big pig" to provide quasi-public goods,which can be encouraged from two aspects of economic benefit and social benefit. In static game of incomplete information, the game equilibrium shows that it is feasible for the cooperation of the private and government to provide quasi-public goods, and the main way is that quasi-public goods are produced by the private and provided by government. To improve the efficiency of quasi-public goods supply, the government should take the first-mover advantage, formulate preferential policies to attract private capital, and make the other supporting system to catch up with the preferential policies, such as the relevant legal system, risk-sharing system and so on, thus, it can improve the willingness of private capital, and ensure the cooperation keep smoothly. The quantity of quasi-public goods provided by the private resulted from the equilibrium in static game of complete information is greater than the number of equilibrium results in static game incomplete information, which shows that the mechanism of open information has an important significance in promoting the private to provide quasi-public goods effectively. The private supply for quasi-public goods can be turned from non-cooperative game to cooperation game, only if the game can satisfy three conditions, including that the game can be repeated, the group belongs to the club and there is punishment and incentive mechanism; In fact, the quasi-public goods which can be jointly offered by private mostly are club goods, while the government can give positive motivation from outside to promote private joint provision.In this paper the possible innovation lies in: the model of private effective provision of quasi-public goods concluded through game analysis can be in accordance with the types of quasi-public goods divided according to Buchanan’ goods classification method. The quasi-public goods which can be partly divided and in the small group can be provided by the private singly; Others which can be partly divided and at the same time in the group of very large scale can be provided by the cooperation of government and the private such as infrastructure projects, public welfare projects, etc; Others which are almost completely inseparable and in the small group can be provided by private jointly, generally equates to club goods. In addition, on the basis of the fact that open information can promote the private to provide the quasi-public goods effectively, this paper gives the government advice that the government should improve the information disclosure mechanism.