The Matching Degree Between Human Capital And Industrial Structure And Analysis Of Its Economic Effects

China has made remarkable achievements in economic development in recent 30 years. However, with a slower economic growth in recent 3 years, it is imperative to keep a sound and stable growth in economy nowadays. It is an inevitable choice of responding to the issue on deepening the reform of economic structure and transforming the economic development pattern; human capital accumulation and industrial structure upgrading are of paramount importance to the changing economic developing mode and improving the quality of economic development. Under the circumstances, this thesis is targeted on the dynamic relationship between human capital and industrial structure. It has established the index system of human capital and industrial structure, built matching degree model and measured the matching degree between the human capital and industrial structure of all provinces from 1997 to 2013 according to matching theory and synergy theory. The thesis has made analysis and evaluation on national, regional and provincial levels and empirical analysis on economic effect based on this: firstly, it has studied improvement effect of investment efficiency on matching degree based on panel data among Chinese provinces which means that empirical analysis has been made towards effect of matching degree between human capital and industrial structure on regional macro-economic efficiency of investment by static and dynamic panel data mode, generalized method of moments and others; secondly, it has studied the effect of matching degree on income reallocation, which means that empirical analysis has been made towards effect of matching degree between human capital and industrial structure on the income gap between town and country by provincial panel data set, generalized least squares and others.The thesis arrives at the following conclusions:Firstly, The overall matching degree between human capital and industrial structure in China is not high, and at barely coordinate matching stage. Matching degree varies in regions—more specifically, central and western regions are at preliminary stage while eastern regions are at barely matching stage. Moreover, there are some gaps among different provinces on the matching degree between human capital and industrial structure, and Beijing is the most. As time goes by, matching degrees in most provinces are steady or on the rise, but matching degrees in the provinces of Xinjiang, Gansu and Yunnan decline.Secondly, static and dynamic panel data mode make it clear that the improvement of matching degree between human capital and industrial structure can raise regional investment efficiency. Elements like the regional economic development level, marketization degree, opening up level, quantity of workforce exert a positive effect on regional macro-investment efficiency, while the degree of government intervention has a negative effect. And the following factors have a limited effect including the human capital level, urbanization level and transport infrastructure, etc.Last but not least, for the whole nation, improvement of matching degree increases the income gape between urban and rural areas. In terms of region, matching degrees in eastern and western areas produce a positive influence on the income gap, while the influence in middle areas isn’t obvious. More specifically, influence of matching degree in eastern areas is greater than the national level and influence in western areas is smaller. And in middle areas, the influence on income gape is limited.Based on the above analysis, the author proposes following suggestions:Firstly, On account of differences among different areas, industrial policy-making should be adjusted according to regional conditions, and take local economic resources, especially local human capital level into account.Secondly, Increase education investment and put more emphasis on education quality so that education produces a positive influence on human capital accumulation; at the same time, improve the labor market and promote human capital flow among industries, departments and regions so as to continually improve matching degree between human capital and industrial structure.Last but not least, Series of policies should be made to inhibit the widening income gap, such as reforming income distribution mechanism, appropriately allocating more education funds to rural areas, etc.