The Impact Of Urban-rural Human Capital Investment Gap On Urban-rural Income Gap

Income distribution is one of the core contents of economics research.Whether the income distribution is fair or not is related to the vital interests of the people and the long-term stability and development of a country.Unequal distribution of income,urban-rural gap is too large has become an important feature of the current economic and social development,is one of the areas in urgent need of reform,caused widespread concern of the Government and the public.Since the reform and opening up,China’s economic development has made remarkable achievements,and the income of the residents has increased rapidly.However,the income gap between urban and rural residents has also been widening gradually,and China has become one of the countries with the most serious urban-rural income disparity in the world.The gap between urban and rural human capital is another manifestation of the gap between urban and rural areas,which is also an important reason for widening urban-rural income gap.At present,China’s rural areas in education,health care and other areas there is a clear gap between urban and rural areas.This paper chooses to analyze the impact of urban and rural human capital gap on the income gap between urban and rural residents from the perspective of human capital.Based on a large number of relevant literatures,this paper combines quantitative and qualitative analysis,normative analysis and empirical analysis,Human capital gap and income gap between urban and rural areas were analyzed and studied.In the part of empirical research,this paper uses the spatial panel model to analyze the impact of human capital gap between urban and rural areas on the income gap between urban and rural areas,and the size of human capital investment rate of return,the following conclusions: First,China’s urban and rural education human capital,Health human capital and urban-rural labor mobilit y ratio are very significant to the income gap between urban and rural areas,and their effects are positive.In the empirical research part,the panel model and the spatial panel model are used to analyze the influence of the investment gap of urban and rural education,health and labor force on the urban-rural income gap.First,the urban and rural education human capital,healthy human capital And urban and rural labor investment gap on the impact of urban and rural income gap is very significant,proved that the urban and rural human capital investment gap will indeed have an impact on urban and rural income gap,and its impact is positive.The results show that the gap between education investment gap,health investment gap and labor mobility gap in one area is bigger,and the income gap between urban and rural residents is bigger and less favorable to the healthy development and growth of the region.Therefore,narrowing the urban-rural income gap can start from the human capital factors,to speed up the narrowing of urban and rural education,urban and rural medical and urban and rural labor investment.In general,the urban-rural human capital investment gap is positive l y related to the urban-rural income gap.Human capital is a very important capital,the direct performance of the improvement of human capital is to educate human capital investment can improve the labor efficiency of labor,healthy human capital investment can improve the physical condition of labor,increase labor time and labor supply,Labor investment can increase the income of the labor force from the low production efficiency department to the high production efficiency department,which can directly increase the income level of the labor force,and then the narrowing of the investment gap between urban and rural human capital can narrow the income gap between urban and rural labor force.At the same time,this paper proves that the spatial nature of urban-rural income gap is mainly manifested as spatial error autocorrelation,and the coefficient of spatial error autocorrelation is significantly larger than 0,which indicates that the correlation between urban and rural income gap in the neighboring region is positive for the same external shock.The spatial positive interaction between urban and rural areas in China narrows the gap between urban and rural areas in China and accelerates the convergence of urban and rural income gap.The concrete manifestation is that a regional urban-rural income gap has a random disturbance and will have a positive impact on the urban-rural income gap in its neighboring areas.In other words,if a region of urban and rural income gap there is a high level of increase in the statistically significant impact on the adjacent areas of urban and rural income gap level.