Research On Ecological Risk On Land-use Of Typical Resource-based Cities In Process Of Urbanization

With the accelerating urbanization development of China, more emphasis has been placed on the quality enhancement of urbanization development and urban-rural harmonized sustainable development, instead of the quantity and scale. As a special type of city, transformation of resource-based city is inevitable related with its construction. In addition, more attention is paid to people oriented harmonious development nowadays than before.Because of mineral resources exploitation and severely destruction of both ecology and environment, resource-based cities have face irrational land use.Moreover, land use changes greatly and rapidly. Firstly, this paper combines theoretical research and empirical analysis to summarize theories and patterns of resource-based city and urbanization, and introduced areal distribution, development characteristics and problems of 262 resource-based cities in China. Secondly, they are classified as growth type, mature type, declining type and rejuvenated type. Thirdly,their situation and quality in 2010 and 2014 are analyzed contrastive analysis to summarize the urbanization features. Next, integrated index of land use change and three landscape pattern indexes are chosen to study the risks that land use change brought to land ecology and environment, and ecological risk grade and its spatial distribution are built. Comparing resource-based cities of 4 different development stage, we find that the land use ecological risk of declining type cities, which are at a key transition phase, is the highest, and the one of growth type cities is the lowest. At last, Shuozhou City is studied as a typical case. GIS technology and land use statistics and database of 20 years are used to analyze the quantity, distribution and development direction of different land use type, and summarize land use space-time variation and structural evolution under urbanization. Expansion area and spatial distribution of urban land from 1990 to 2010 are analyzed to study the change features of land use ecological risk,the results showed that from 1990 to 1995 and land use ecological risk increased by 63%, due to the 1999 of returning farmland to forest project, 2000 years of land use ecological risks have eased, has dropped to the lowestvalue 0.1311, but from 2000 to 2010 land use ecological risk increased year by year,2010 almost reached the highest value;and Early warning countermeasures to reduce ecological risk of resource-based city are proposed.