The Economic Valuation Of Forest Ecosystem

It goes without saying forest land, which is the biggest ecosystem in land area, occupies an important position. But forest land in our country face problems such as low productivity and unbalanced structure as well as illegal occupation. All above reflect lacking of management and disregarding of the ecological value. With construction in ecological civilization and establishment of natural resource, assessment methods in ecological value, which are workable in technology and obtained easily in data, are urgently needed so that they could work on evaluating and estimating,then provide valuable basis.Based on consulting a large number of domestic and foreign documents, the paper divides ecological value of forest land into two parts:material production capacity and ecosystem service function according to its pattern of manifestation. Moreover according to manifestation in material production capacity, It could be divided into wood and forest by-product, which can be assessed by present earning value method. From another point of view, according to manifestation in ecological benefits, value ecosystem service function could be divided into seven parts, such as oxygen carbon sequestration value, water conservation value, air purification value, soil conservation value, protection value, tourist value, biology diversity value. When refer to the assessment of forestry, i study deeply forest land evaluation methods, and according to therelevant field exploring data, i completed data collection related to forestry investigation data and naturally geographic information. Based on operability of planning, the paper has assessed values by replacement cost method, human capital approach, travel cost method, shadow engineering.What is more, combining actual cases in H, the paper has studied that ecological value of forest land should be RMB218.131865 million. Wood and forest product is worth RMB35.468454 million, which takes up 16.26%,while ecosystem service is worth RMB182.663411 million and takes up 83.74%.From above results, its ecosystem service function value towers over its economic value. It shows that people had known little about value of forest land, so we should pay more attention on its ecosystem service function value and enough necessary management on it. Based evaluation on forest land, we should establish new concept about "Priceless Natural Resource", provide more workable assessment method as reference for ecological construction and development.