Research On The Relation Of Enterprises Innovations Heterogeneous And The Modes Of Export Growthin China

With the rise of “new new trade theory”, the export study has deepened from the industry level into the enterprise level. Melitz put forward the concept of "heterogeneity" as its core. The theory and empirical of “new new trade theory” should constantly enrich and expand.We redefined heterogeneity from enterprises innovations level. This paper puts forward the concept of " enterprises innovations heterogeneity", and innovations can be divided into three parts,quality innovation, variety innovation, process innovation. On the theory level, on the basis of the Melitz model, we endogenize the product quality into the model, then embedded heterogeneity index of enterprise quality innovation, variety innovation, process innovation, building “new new trade theory” framework based on enterprises innovations heterogeneity. On the empirical level, I choose the data of Chinese enterprises exporting to the USAfrom 2000 to 2006, because the data in the Customs Import and Export Database only updates to 2006. Using the Customs Import and Export Database and Industrial Enterprise Database, enterprise export growth can be divided into the ternary marginal, price growth, quantity growth and extensive growth. Using stepwise regression method to remove the redundant multi-co linearity variables in the empirical model, then use tobit to explore the enterprises innovations types and whether there is a one-to-one relation between them and export growth mode. Results indicate that:(1)The quality innovation is very important to every kind of export growth. Product quality improvement, not only promote the export price growth, quantity growth, and also promote the extensive growth.Improving product quality, increasing product competitiveness, can promote export growth and transformate growth mode, then dispense the situation of enterprise export downturn.(2) The efficiency of process innovation will promote the extensive growth. High productivity, high R&D efficiency, product competitive advantages,they will be accepted by the international market, achieving more exports. According to the new new international trade theory, high productivity of enterprises export, low productivity of the enterprises supply the domestic market, lower enterprises exit the market.(3) Variety innovation promoting export growth is not significant, this may be an inappropriate data selection.Industrial Enterprise Database Variety innovation is the gross added value of new product in the Industrial Enterprise Database, and I can’t find another appropriate data about product variety in the database.(4) Human resource investment can greatly increase products export. Enterprises should increase investment in human resource,and it can promote product diversity, catering to the consumer diversification demand, exporting product extensive growth, achieving diversification of export growth. Firm size will contribute to the enterprise price growth,quantity growth, and prevent extensive growth. Therefore according to the enterprise size,the officials can give policy support. Use price rebates, quantity drawback subsidies to support large-scale enterprises.Increase R&D subsidy, and support small businesses new product research, development and exports. On the above conclusion, replacing the mixed tobit model with the random tobit model, using the lag issue of total factor productivity of enterprises, replacing enterprise scale for robustness check, the results haven’t changed much. So the result is sound.