Cellular Communications Network In Mammal Between Maternal And Fetal During Gestation Period

Gestation period is extremely special and important for mammalian ontogeny.During this period,the embryo is conceived in the maternal body.Keeping the immune system balance between maternal and fetal is to ensure that the basic guarantee of pregnancy process is carried out smoothly.Meanwhile,all the nutrition of the embryo needs for development is supplied by mother.Thus,it is necessary to ensure the accurate information is exchanged between embryo and mother for their nutritional supply and immune system.In multicellular organisms,there is a communication network among cells,with cytokines and hormones as the signal factors.It is very important wireless communication network for the regulation of immune system.During gestation,between maternal and embryonic,there is no nerve connected.Thus,the wireless communications network is the most important tool for the information exchange between mother and fetal.In this study,pregnant rats as a research model,collected before conception peripheral blood samples as the base of its three days from the first day of pregnancy to childbirth every other day for continuous blood sampling.Using liquid chip scanning technology,the serum of pregnant mice in each period of the 40 kinds of cytokines and hormones(Eotaxin,GM-CSF,G-CSF,IL-1?,MCP-1,Leptin,MIP-1?,IL-4,IL-1?,IL-2,IL-6,IL-13,IL-10,IL-12p70,IL-5,IFN-?,IL-17,IL-18,IP-10,GRO,RANTES,TNF-?,VEGF,ACTH,BDNF,FSH,GH,LH,Prolactin and TSH)levels were detected.Statistical analysis of the data obtained,been significant changes in signaling molecules.Significant changes of signaling molecules involved in the secretory cells and the role of cells,using Microsoft Visio software to map out the various periods of cell communication network diagram.Conclusion: compared with the signal factors levels in serum before pregnancy,we found that 14 periods throughout pregnancy and after delivery,except the third day and the eleventh day of gestation,the other 12 periods have significant changes of signal factors levels.During the entire pregnancy,most of signaling factors that have significant changes were found in late pregnancy;in mid-pregnancy the maternal body basically at relatively steady state;there is a middle level of significant changes of signal factors in early period of pregnancy.Obviously,in early period of pregnancy the maternal immune system make a comprehensive response for the implantation of the embryo.As the pregnancy progresses,the maternal immune system gradually recovered balance.However,due to the growth of the embryo in late pregnancy,its organs and immune system developed to maturity,the responses between mother and embryo were more and more stronger until reached the peak,prompting the occurrence of childbirth.There were 64 cells that involved in the cellular communication network during the entire periods of pregnancy and parturition.The levels of the cells in the communication network have been analyzed,and we found that: schwann cells,hippocampus cells,cortex cells,synaptic cells,muscle cells,pituitary cells,basophils,synovial cells,TH cells,adipocytes,trophoblast cells are generally in the first layer of the cellular communication network,make the original reaction of the maternal body during pregnancy,sent signals to other cell level directly or indirectly in the cellular communication network,and maintained normal pregnancy development,adjusted the maternal immune system and the nervous system as embryonic development progress.Monocytes,T cells,macrophages,B cells,fibroblastscells,endothelial cells,keratinocytes,epithelial cells generally in the second layer of the cellular communication network,respond to the signals from the cells in the first layer and sent stimulation signals to the cells in the third layer,further magnified the original signal.Granular lutein cells,theca lutein cells,neuronal cells,NK cells,lymphocytes,hematopoietic grandmother cells,granulocytes,adrenocortical cells in the third layer of the cellular communications network,were regulated by the signals from the first layer and the second layer cell.With the development of pregnancy,the maternal immune system and nervous system continue to make adjustments to ensure the normal development of pregnancy.