| The attenuation of seismic wave is the main limiting factor to the high resolution of seismic data,that is,quality factor Q,which makes the energy attenuation and velocity dispersion of high frequency change the shape of seismic wave.However,high resolution seismic data is the basic guarantee for reservoir prediction,so it is necessary to improve the resolution of seismic data.In order to obtain the high resolution image of the subsurface formation,we must eliminate the distortion of the seismic wave form,and the inverse Q filtering is a better method.The existing compensation is based on the analysis of time frequency analysis,which does not need to know the Q value,but it also increases the noise while compensating the effective signal.The other inverse Q filtering method is to estimate the Q value in the time domain or frequency domain,and the anti Q compensation can not only compensate the amplitude attenuation and frequency loss,but also improve the energy of the weak reflection wave.But this method requires precise stratigraphic absorption value of Q,however,the practical application of the quality factor cannot be accurately obtained,we need in the algorithm in order to obtain better Q value for inverse Q filtering is compensated by the improved Q value,improve the resolution of seismic record.The time-frequency analysis can transform the seismic signal from the time domain to the frequency domain.Several commonly used time-frequency analysis methods are introduced in the paper,finally by choosing appropriate parameters of the Gabor transform of the real seismic record,S transform and generalized S transform,generalized S transform analysis of spectrum resolution is better.In this paper,an improved Q compensation method based on the generalized S transform domain is proposed to solve the problems of the formation absorption compensation method,which is based on the generalized Q transform.In effect,this method has better anti noise performance,can be effective for seismic wave absorption and attenuation compensation,after the treatment of shallow deep reflection wave form consistent in depth resolution is improved,high frequency enhancement,band broadening.The improved method of Q frequency translational value of seismic records on the generalized S domain spectrum compensation based on inverse Q.Compared with the conventional anti Q compensation effect,synthetic records and real data processing test results showed that the anti noise performance and effective compensation for the high frequency of this method compared to the conventional Q value to obtain better effect,improve the exposition Q value extraction and compensation method is feasible. |
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