Hollow Fluorescent Carbon Nanoparticles Induced Chemiluminescence And Its Applications

Chemiluminescence?CL?is defined as the production of light through a chemical reaction,in which some excited species are formed and deactivated to the ground state with light emission.Being an intriguing research field,nonmetal nanoparticles?NPs?,including nitrogen quantum dots,carbon quantum dots and silicon quantum dots?<10 nm?,which could be classified as the new zero-dimensional member in the versatile nanomaterial family.As a group of newly emerged fluorescent nanomaterials,fluorescent carbon nanoparticles have shown tremendous potential for a wide range of applications,including chemical sensing,adsorption,bioimaging and photocatalysis.Due to the superior emitting properties of fluorescent carbon nanoparticles,they have been applied in CL systems including ultraweak CL systems and direct CL systems.In this thesis,water-soluble hollow fluorescent carbon nanoparticles?HFCNs?and solid fluorescent carbon nanoparticles?SFCNs?were prepared by a simple,low-cost and green procedure in phosphorus pentoxide powder in an automatic method with a PL quantum yield of as high as 15.5%,9.3% used quinine sulfate as the reference,respectively.HFCNs and SFCNs have been applied in the CL systems.Three new analysis methods were built based on flow injection chemiluminescence?FI-CL?.The results are as follows:1.In alkaline solution,the CL signal of luminol-H₂O₂ system was greatly enhanced adding the HFCNs.The dipyridamole?DIP?could inhibit the CL intensity of luminol-H₂O₂-HFCNs system.The linear range was 0.02 ?mol/L to 10.0 ?mol/L with a detection limit of 0.036 ?mol/L.The CL method was applied to determine DIP in tablet formulations and urine.The possible CL reaction mechanism was studied briefly.2.A method has been established for the determination of auramine O based on the enhancement of H₂O₂-Na₂CO₃ CL reaction,which was sensitized by HFCNs.The CL intensity was proportional to the concentration of auramine O in the range from 0.5 to10.0 ?mol/L.The detection limit was 0.035?mol/L.The proposed method had been used to analyze auramine O in Pollen Typhae and Coptidis Rhizoma.3.A FI-CL method was established for the dihydralazine sulfate?DHZS?inhibitory effect of on the CL signal of KMnO₄-NaHSO₃-HFCNs CL system reaction in acid solution.The relative CL intensity was linear with the logarithm of the concentration of DHZS ranging from 0.7 to70.0 ?mol/L with a detection limit of 0.028 ?mol/L.The developed method has been successfully applied to the determination of DHZS in pharmaceutical formulations.