Comprehensive Utilization Of Hawthorn Processing By-products

With the increasing of hawthorn quantity and the development of hawthorn industry, the crux of maintaining the steadily and healthily development for hawthorn industry is to enhance its benefit of hawthorn industry. Hawthorn processing by-products (hawthorn seed and hawthorn pomace) development of comprehensive utilization is a key way to raise the benefit of hawthorn industry. Hawthorn processing by-products content contains a variety of nutrition composition and functional compounds. On the base of overseas and domestic research status of the hawthorn processing by-products, the extraction of active ingredients in the hawthorn seed and extraction of the use of secondary by-product were investigaged using modern biotechnology, modern extraction and separation technologies, chemical analysis technology and modern statistical analysis techniques. The mainly results obtained from this study are as follows:1. In the experiment, the flavonoids compounds was extracted using conventional reflux extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction and microwave-assisted extraction. Among the three kinds of methods, the result shows that the microwave-assisted extraction the yield of flavonoids compounds is 17.57mg/g. The optimal conditions for extraction was microwave intensity 1886.5MHz, radiation time 10 min, extraction temperature 93.5?, extraction time 5.7h, solid-liquid ratio of 1:24,54% ethanol solution. Compared with traditional extraction technology with conventional reflux extraction and ultrasound-assisted extraction, the extracting ratio of total flavonoids that was extacted using microwave-assisted technology is increased by 41.12%s 6.81%, respectively.The antioxidant property of hawthorn seed flavonoids enhanced with flavonoids concentration increased. Hydroxy radical scavenging rate was 53.8% when total flavonoids concentration was 2.33 mg/mL and DPPH free radical was 93.1% when it was 1.75 mg/mL2. According to the Single-factor experiment, the optimal condition is established using Plackett-Burman design and Box-Benhnken design,. The final result indicated that the best condition is impregnated time 37.3h, L/P 1:1.1, the density of phosphoric acid 72.8%, carbonized timel.6h, carbonized temperature 500"C, the product yield and methylene blue decolorization were 41.11%,14mL, respectively.3. The optimum ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis method:ultrasonic power 90%, ultrasonic temperature 50?, ultrasonic time lOmin, enzyme 0.7%, enzyme incubation time 3h, enzyme incubation temperature 50?, enzyme incubation pH value 4.5, solution sample ratio 12:1. The ultrasonic-assisted microwave extraction of soluble dietary fibre from hawthorn slug was optimized by response surface methodology. The optimum conditions were:ultrasonic time 9 min, ultrasonic power 70%, ultrasonic temperature 65?, microwave power high, microwave time 2.5min, solution sample ratio 1:16. Compared with ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis extraction (83.84 mg/g), the extraction rate is a little lower, but the extraction time was only 1/48 and do not need to be digested by enzymes. The scavenging rates of dietary fiber from hawthorn have strong antioxidant activity, the highest scavenging for DPPH, superoxide anion and hydroxyl free radicals were 52.94%,43.12% and 52.56%, respectively.