Detection Of Fructose 1,6-Bisphosphate And Uranium With Resonance Light Scatteringanalysis Based On Uranyl Complexes

Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate(F-1,6-BP) and uranium have important effect on human health and environment. Therefore, the development of new assay methods for F-1,6-BP and uranium is of great importance. In this paper, we synthesized two Schiff base ligands, carboxylated salophen and phosphorylethanol-amido-salophen(PAS). By using these ligands we developed two new methods for the determination of F-1,6-BP and uranium. One is a resonance light scattering(RLS) method for the determination of F-1,6-BP based on its combination with uranyl-salophen complex functioned gold nanoparticles(GNPs) to cause the aggregation of GNPs. The other is a RLS method for the determination of trace uranium(VI) based on its self-assembly with PAS to form a metallo-supramolecular polymer. These two methods provide new means for the determination of F-1,6-BP and uranium. In the first chapter, firstly the characteristics and analysis of F-1,6-BP and uranium are reviewed, then the basic properties and applications of salophen are introduced. Meanwhile the properties and analytical applications of GNPs and resonance light scattering are also introduced.In the second chapter, we reported a highly sensitive resonance light scattering(RLS) method for the direct detection of F-1,6-BP in homogeneous solution without separation procedure. In this method we used a type of modified gold nanoparticles(GNPs) as optical probes. The modified GNPs are uranyl-salophen-cysteamine-GNPs(U-Sal-Cy-GNPs) prepared according to the following procedure. Firstly, cysteamine molecules are conjugated on GNPs surfaces to form cysteamine-capped GNPs(Cy-GNPs). Secondly, the Cy-GNPs are employed to bind with carboxylated salophen for the formation of the Sal-Cy-GNPs by acylation reaction. Finally the chelation reaction of uranyl with tetradentate ligand salophen in the Sal-Cy-GNPs is carried out for the formation of U-Sal-Cy-GNPs. Because of the specific affinity of uranyl-salophen complex to phosphate group. A F-1,6-BP molecule can easily connect two U-Sal-Cy-GNPs to cause the aggregation of GNPs, resulting in a generation of strong RLS signal. The amount of F-1,6-BP can be detected according to the change of the RLS intensity. The experimental conditions are optimized. The proposed method for F-1,6-BP detection shows a linear range from 2.5 to 75 nmol/L with a detection limit of 0.91 nmol/L The method has been successfully used to determine F-1,6-BP in real samples with the recoveries of 96.5% ~ 103.5 %.In the third chapter, we prepared a ditopic ligand that contains a tetradentate ligand and a monodentate ligand so as to assemble a metallo-supramolecular polymer of uranyl for the determination of uranium by RLS method. The tetradentate and monodentate ligands are salophen moiety and phosphate group, respectively. This tetradentate-monodentate ditopic ligand is phosphorylethanol-amido-salophen(PAS). It can self-assemble with uranium(VI) or uranyl cation to form a metallo-supramolecular polymer of uranium(VI), resulting in a production of strong RLS signal. Thus, a new RLS method for the direct determination of uranium(VI) can be established. Under optimized conditions, the proposed method has excellent selectivity, and high sensitivity for the quantification of uranium(VI) with low detection limits(0.24 ng/m L). The proposed method has been successfully used to detect uranium in real samples with the recoveries of 97.1% ~ 102.6%.