| This research studied the effects of human extensive style of activities on the natural tourism scenic air quality in Wu tai Mountain in Shanxi scenic spot in the core area of the tourist season in 2014-2015. Characteristics of the SO2, NO2, atmospheric particulate matter (TSP, PM10 and PM2.5) in four categories samplings:Wu Ye Temple (core incense burners), Manjusri Temple (a traffic hub), Yang Bai Lin Village (a residential district), and Nan Shan Temple (located in a primitive forest district) were determined. Single particle morphology and elemental features were identificated and analysed by airborne particulate pollutants in each sampling area. Simultaneously, through the investigation of atmospheric particulates retaining capability of leaves of plants and based on the current situation we evaluated comparing it and screened the most suitable atmosphere purification plants in a scenic spot. The results showed that:(1) The results showed that TSP concentration distributed in (28.63±11.62)?(382.10±146.02) ?g/m3, PM10concentration distributed in (17.18±4.70)?(161.45±10.07) ?g/m3, PM2.5 concentration distributed in (1.43±1.05)?(59.20±9.81) ?g/m3, SO2 concentration distributed in (34.33±0.58)?(68.00±4.51) ?g/m3, NO2 concentration distributed in (39.50±0.87)?(122.00±4.33) ?g/m3 at Wu Ye Temple (core incense burners), Manjusri Temple (a traffic hub), Yang Bai Lin Village (a residential district), and Nan Shan Temple (located in a primitive forest district) by sampling period. However, the PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and NO2 concentration of pollutants in Wuye Temple and Nan Shan Temple exceed the current WHO AQGS guideline value of 0.99?1.46,0.99?2.70,1.69?3.01 and 1.01?2.37 times. In spite of PM10 and PM2.5 concentration were under the guideline value at Manjusri Temple and Yang Bai Lin Village, but the SO2 concentrations were exceeding 2.99-3.34 and 3.17-3.63 times, NO2 concentrations were exceeding 1.79?1.98 and 2.94?3.16 times in them. Depending on AQI evaluation results could be known:Wu ye Temple (161.45) and Manjusri Temple (121.00) belonged to the light pollution. The main pollutant of Wuye Temple was PM10 and principal pollutant of Manjusri Temple was NO2. In contrast, Yang Bai Lin Village (94.38) and Nan Shan Temple (64.73) belonged to the good level. The main pollutant of Yang Bai Lin was NO2 and the main pollutant of Nan Shan Temple was PM2.5. Compared with the data obtained in 1983, TSP concentration in 2014 decreases by 2.80% in Wu ye Temple, while increases by 16.00%-103.23 % in another three sampling points. In addition, the concentrations of NO2 and SO2 were enhanced by 8.93-40.76 times and 0.53-52.36 times compared with the data monitored in 1983.(2) Particle size analysis indicated that the distribution of fine particulate matter in Wu Ye Temple ranged from 0 to 3.30 ?m. At other sampling points, the fine particulate was mainly distributed in the range of 0-5.90 ?m. The particulates in Wu Ye Temple were mainly characterized by spherical, rod-like, and irregular soot aggregates (PM10) and spherical particles of dust (PM2.5). Manjusri Temple and Yang Bai Lin Village predominantly exhibited irregular soil mineral particulate matter (PM10), and amorphous ultra fine soot particulate matter (PM2.5). The enormous amount of fine dust particles (PM2.5) distributed in Nanshan Temple.(3)Before rain, the atmospheric suspended particle-retaining quality of the plant leaves varied in the range of 6.95 ± 1.55 (Pi. tabuliformis) to 38.60 ± 18.32 mg/cm2 (Po. davidiana); the light shaded areas caused by particles on leaves were in the range of 7.25 ± 0.04 (Pi. tabuliformis) to 126.50 ± 6.66 cm2/leaf (Po. davidiana); and the atmospheric particle-retaining horizontal density of leaves varied in the range of 110 ± 2 (Pi. tabuliformis) to 255 ± 11 per/cm2 (Po. davidiana). After rain, the atmospheric suspended particle-retaining quality of plant leaves varied in the range of 0.65 ± 0.23 (Pi. tabuliformis) to 3.50 ± 1.83 mg/cm2 (Po. davidiana); the light shaded areas by particles on leaves were in the range of 4.26 ± 0.02 (Pi. tabuliformis) to 45.96 ± 2.42 cm2/leaf (Po. davidiana); and the atmospheric particle-retaining horizontal density of leaves was in the range of 97 ± 2 (Pi. tabuliformis) to 147 ± 7 per/cm2 (Po. davidiana). The broad-leaved plants, particularly Po. davidiana, R. hugonis and B. platyphylla, were appropriate species for purification of atmospheric particles. Plants with lower dust-retention abilities than the above three species (e.g. R. xanthina, Pe. sepium, S. salicifolia and V. negundo var. heterophylla) could be alternative plants for purification. However, the needle-leaved plant Pi. tabuliformis was not recommended as a tree species for purification of atmospheric particles in the core area of Mount Wutai scenic area. |
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