The Application Of Efficient Amphiphilic Emulsifier In Crude Oil Emulsification,Viscosity Reduction And Oil Removal

With the increasing demand for energy supply in the world,more and more attention has been paid to the crude oil reserves.On the one hand,high stability of crude oil emulsion is quite essential in oil pipeline,On the other hand,high demulsion efficiency is also required at pipeline terminal.Though traditional emulsifiers have good emulsification ability,there are problems for later demulsification.So we need to find an efficient amphiphilic emulsifier which can easliy achieveemulsification and demulsification for crude oil emulsion.In recent years,"Responsive" emulsifiers are widely concerned because of their environment friendly.By controlling surface activity,we can easily regulation the emulsification and demulsification of crude oil emulsion.Typically,external stimuli include pH,light,temperature,and CO2.Compared with traditional triggers,CO2-triggered responsive emulsifiers are widely used because of their environment friendly,reusable and cheap advantages.A large amount of solid wastes will be produced during the crude oil extraction process,including oily sludge,oily cuttings etc.If the oil can be recycled,it can not only improve the efficiency of resource utilization,but also produce great environmental benefits.The traditional methods mainly include incineration,backfilling,solidification,solid-liquid separation and heat treatment.Incineration will cause environmental pollution,backfilling method can not eliminate organic pollutants,there are security risks,solidification occupies lots of land,centrifugal separation method tend to be high energy consumptions,heat treatment technology has a high operating costs,resulting in a large amount of smoke,which can pollute the environment.Therefore,it is urgent to seek an efficient,non pollution and low energy processing technology.Microemulsion have the characteristics of ultra-low interfacial tension and high solubilization.Under certain condition,oil phase can "dissolve" into the microemulsion system spontaneously.Microemulsion has many advantages,such as simple preparation method,low cost,wide application range and remarkable cleaning effect,by adjustments to microemulsion phase state,we can achieve oil phase recycling.Gemini emulsifiers are a group of surface active compounds possessing more than one hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups.They are of great value due to their lower CMC values and low interfacial tension compared to traditional emulsifiers.The first part:The highly CO2 responsive efficient amphiphilic emulsifier D-OA was assembled by fatty acid and Jeffamine D 230.Firstly,the CO2 responsiveness of D-OA aqueous solution was studied by investigating the appearance,pH and conductivity.Secondly,we discussed the static stability of crude oil emulsion,demulsification and recycling of Jeffamine D 230.Thirdly,the viscosity reduction effect of crude oil emulsion was investigated.The second part:A kind of microemulsion with remarkable cleaning ability were assembled by efficient amphiphilic emulsifier D-OA and AEO-9.Firstly,by drawing pseudoternary phase diagram,we confirmed that microemulsion have a high solubilization ability.Secondly,simulation detergency experiments were carried out to measure the oily sludge,oily cuttings and crude oil,the efficiency of temperature,time and stirring rate on the cleaning effect were also studied.Thirdly,the viscosity reduction effect of microemulsion was investigated.