| In recent years,with the continuous progress of Chinese urbanization process,urban living standards was improved,construction and real estate industry achieved substantial growth,those led the rapid development of the building decoration industry,a large number of decoration projects also will be expansion,it provided a comfortable living environment to city residents at the same time,also produced more serious indoor environmental pollution problems,and led to the indoor air quality concerns,such as indoor formaldehyde,benzene and other pollutants after decoration exceeded.Although the management and regulation on the quality of indoor air quality after decoration are more perfect,and the research on the characteristics and control scientific of pollution is also more active,the process in the decoration existence more serious air pollution in fact based on the more profound understanding research on the decoration industry.Based on this,this paper investigates and analyzes the environmental pollution characteristics and occupational protection of the 23 grade decoration projects in Shenzhen City by means of experimental research and questionnaire survey,and collects 1120 typical monitoring samples to study the pollution characteristics and environmental impact on physical pollution(noise and particulate matter(PM2.5))and organic pollution(formaldehyde and volatile organic compounds(TVOC))at different decoration process.It analysis the pollutants on the decoration workers Health risks and occupational protection.The results showed that the average values of all the decoration works,noise,PM2.5,formaldehyde and TVOC were 57.4±9.2d B,408.36±427.41?g/m~3,0.05±0.09mg/m~3,0.183±0.420mg/m~3,there are different degrees of excessive phenomenon,exceeding the rate of 52%,86%,20% and 12%,physical pollution exceeded more serious.During the construction process,the maximum noise and PM2.5 are 94.6d B and 1712?g/m~3 are the national standard of 1.7 and 22.3.The maximum value of formaldehyde and TVOC in coating works is 1.01mg/m~3 and 1.85mg/m~3 respectively,which is 2 and 3.7 times of national standard;the maximum value of formaldehyde and TVOC in paint engineering is 0.47mg/m~3 and 1.56mg/m~3 respectively,which is 5.9 and 3.2 times of that of national standard.PM2.5,noise and formaldehyde in wood work reach 1439?g/m~3 and 101.6d B respectively,0.11mg/m~3,is the standard value of 19.2,1.8 and 1.2 times;metal engineering noise pollution is serious,the maximum value of 101.6d B and 1.9 times the standard value;layout of the furniture process will produce a large number of formaldehyde,its concentration can be achieved 0.34mg/m~3,4.3 times the standard value.Based on environmental risk studies,the risk of cancer of inhalation exposure caused by indoor formaldehyde,TVOC,toluene and xylene is relatively small,the risk of human health within the controllable range.However,if the long-term engaged in decoration-related operations and no protective measures,the human health risk is more significant.The survey shows that 84%,74%,66% and 46% of the workers consider formaldehyde,noise,PM2.5 and TVOC have a physical effect on them.According to the survey,92.5% of the workers considered the need for protection and attention to contaminants such as noise,formaldehyde,etc.,96.5% of the decoration companies will provide staff with masks,gloves,protective clothing and other protective clothing,there are 5% of the construction workers in the presence of protection is not in place.Therefore,in order to minimize the health risks of the workers during the renovation phase,this study has made suggestions on the three aspects of management,technology and process.The purpose of this paper is to provide theoretical data for the indoor air environmental pollution in the decoration process of Shenzhen City,and to provide important scientific basis for the working environment and health risk assessment of the decoration workers. |
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