Study On The Highly Resolved Temporal And Spatial Emission Inventory Of Vehicles And Its Characteristics For The Typical Cities Of Henan Province,China

In recent years,vehicle emission is becoming one of the most important pollution sources because of the increase in vehicle population and activity in Henan Province.Identifing vehicular emissions and temporal-spatial characteristics,and making reasonable and effictive policies for controlling motor vehicle emissions in the region have become an urgent task.In the paper,a relatively complete framework for developing motor vehicle emission inventory and assesing control strategies for Henan Province was established.There are four main contents which are the methods for improving vehicle emission inventory,temporally and spatially allocating,putting forward control measures,and assessing their emission reductions.Firstly,a more reasonable and complete vehicle emission inventory in Henan Province for the year 2013 was developed in this study.Estimates show that the total carbon monoxide?CO?,hydrocarbon?HC?,nitrogen oxide?NOX?,particulate matter?PM2.5 and PM10?and sulfur dioxide?SO₂?emissions were 1081 kt?205 kt?694 kt?38 kt?43 kt and 16 kt,respectively.Light duty gasoline vehicles were the major emission sources of CO and HC,and heavy duty diesel vehicles,heavy duty diesel trucks,and medium duty diesel trucks had relatively large contributions of NOX,PM2.5,PM10 and SO₂.Secondly,the spatial distribution of emissions was allocated in grid cells based on a road network and traffic flows with a resolution of 1 km × 1 km at different road types and locations,which shows that the six aforementioned a ir pollutants have similar characteristics in administrative districts.Emissions are mainly concentrated on the central grid cel s of each part and in good agreement with line sources.Finally,according to the emissions characteristics in Henan Province,five possible motor vehicle emission control strategies,including eliminating the old vehicles,vehicle restriction,reducing the motorcycle to half,increasing the electric vehicle and wider use of public transportation,were proposed.The results show that eliminating old vehicles is the most obvious strategy in each pollutant emission reductions,which cut down the emissions by 80% on average;vehicle restriction also is a relatively effctive strategy with above 30% decline.These results suggest that stricter control measures of population and emission standards are very necessary.