Research On Extraction Of Perilla Frutescens ?-carotene By Supercritical CO₂ And Its Microencapsulation

Perilla is a kind of traditional "medicine and food homology" plant.In China,some of them are used as medicinal materials;some of them are used for industrial or edible oil.Perilla oil meal is a by-product of perilla seed oil extraction.At present,perilla oil meal is mainly used as animal feed protein additives,fuel or back into the field as fertilizer.Perilla oil meal has not been fully and effective utilized,resulting in waste of resources.In order to improve the comprehensive utilization of perilla seed and the exploitation and utilization of perilla oil meal resources,the perilla oil meal is used as a raw material in this study.This experiment took the supercritical CO₂ as the extraction technique,studied on the extraction process parameters of ?-carotene.On this basis,the ?-carotene microencapsulation process was studied in this paper.And the properties of ?-carotene microcapsules,including cumulative release rate and bioavailability of ?-carotene in artificial simulated gastric fluid and intestinal fluid,the effects of light air and temperature on the storage stability were studied.The main results of the test are as follows:The effects of extraction pressure,extraction temperature,extraction time on the ?-carotene yield was researched.The experimental results showed the orders which influenced the ?-carotene yield were as follows: extraction pressure>extraction time>extraction temperature.And the optimum extraction conditions were extraction pressure 38 MPa,extraction temperature 43 °C,extraction time 3 h.Under these conditions,the extraction yield of ?-carotene from perilla oil meal was up to 91.57%,which was well matched with predicted yield 92.82%.The effects of p H,wall material concentration,core material to wall material ratio,stirring speed,homogenization speed and curing agent on ?-carotene microencapsulation were studied with productive rate,encapsulation efficiency and particle size of microcapsules as indicators.The microcapsule process parameters of ?-carotene were determined as follows: p H 4.0,wall material concentration 1.00%,core material to wall material ratio1:1,stirring speed 400 rpm,homogenization speed 10000 rpm,curing agent concentration 0.2%.The ?-carotene microcapsules prepared by this process are orange yellow,loose particles,and have good dispersibility in water.And the encapsulation efficiency was?90.20±0.81?%,the yield reached?88.31±0.49?%,and the particle size was 30.09±0.89 ?m,and the moisture content was as low as?2.72±0.07?%.The cumulative release rate of ?-carotene microcapsules in the simulated gastric juice during 4 hours was?20.68±0.95?%,The cumulative release rate of ?-carotene microcapsules in simulated intestinal fluid?excluding bile salts?and simulated intestinal fluid?including bile salts?was?74.01±0.64?% and?86.06±1.09?%.The bioavailability of beta carotene microcapsules in simulated intestinal fluid was?70.12±1.10?%.It was concluded that ?-carotene microencapsulation could improve the bioavailability of ?-carotene in vitro.The stability of beta carotene microcapsules was influenced by light,air and temperature,and the stability was improved after microencapsulation.The retention rate of ?-carotene still remained at about 80% after one month storage of ?-carotene microcapsules under 25??open?natural light conditions.