Study On The Environmental Impact Assessment Of Oil And Gas Development In Oilfield Based On LCA

With the increasing demand for energy,the development of oil and gas resources is accelerating,and the environmental problems caused by it are becoming more and more serious.The development of oil and gas is a systematic engineering with a long time and complex skills,which determines that the environmental problems caused by it are complex and diverse.Based on this,this paper analyzes the pollution behavior and pollution sources in the process of oil and gas development,such as geophysical prospecting,drilling,logging,oil recovery,borehole operation,oil and gas gathering and transportation,well closed and environmental restoration.Based on the LCA research method,The impact assessment work was put into the LCA framework,and the environmental impact assessment model for the development of oil and gas is established.Then,the environmental impact assessment of the energy consumption and pollutant production was carried out with the Liaohe Oilfield as the research object.This paper puts forward suggestions for environmental protection construction of oil and gas fields in China from the aspects of the government,enterprises and the community according to the result,and form a scientific and effective oil and gas field environmental protection work construction system.Research shows that raw coal consumption is 0.119t/t in the development of oil and gas.Oil recovery and drilling are the two parts with the most consumption and accounted for the total consumption of 39.5% and 26.9%.Crude oil was consumed in all stages,in which oil recovery stage is the most,0.086 t/t,accounted for 58.1% of the entire stage.The consumption in other stages is low.The total consumption of water resource is 4.416t/t.The top stages is oil recovery,the proportion of 92.8%.For pollutant emission,oil recovery is the main stage,and other stage is borehole operation.In terms of the resources consumption,oil recovery contributes over than 50%.In terms of global warming,oil recovery,drilling and logging all contribute about 20%,the largest contribution is oil recovery.In terms of acidification,borehole operation is the largest contribution(33%).In terms of photochemical ozone,oil recovery and borehole operation all contribute about 30% and oil recovery is the largest contribution.In terms of biological toxicity,oil recovery is the largest contribution(43%).Through this study,we determined the characteristics of resources consumption and pollutants production in each stage of oil and gas development,and we found the stage with the most resources consumption and the most serious pollutant emission.Then,we formulated targeted policies according to the characteristics of various aspects of the impact on the environment.The government should strengthen the legal system and coordinate the work of different departments.The enterprises should strengthen the combination of prevention and control,develop and apply new technologies.And in the aspect of public,we should strengthen the broadcast of environmental protection and encourage public partic ipation.We need to make great efforts in various aspects,carry out environmental protection construction from macro to micro,solve the environmental pollution problems effectively and improve the environmental pollution phenomenon in the process of oil and gas development.In this way,we can develop the resources development and environmental protection at the same time and promote the construction of ecological civilization.