Research On Physiological Property Of Helianthus Annuus L. And Tagetes Erecta L. On The Condition Of Pb Tailing Disposal

Helianthus annuus L.is an important oil crop,Tagetes erecta L.is annual herb plant.These two kinds of feverfews are distributed in various regions of China.In gardens,they are widely used for flowerbed.The flowering phase is long and the viewing value is high.The research took waste Pb tailing sand in Dexing,Jiangxi as the culture medium.Meanwhile,Helianthus annuus L.and Tagetes erecta L.that had strong adaptability to the environment and high viewing value were selected as the test material so as to study the tolerance and repair potential of two feverfews on Pb tailing.The main research results are as below:(1)Through cultivating different contents of Pb tailing,with the increasing of Pb tailing sand,the strain height and root length of Helianthus annuus L.and Tagetes erecta L.decline,especially decline greatly on the condition of 100%Pb disposal.Dry weight of underground part of Helianthus annuus L.and overground part of Tagetes erecta L.dispose a certain resistance amount of Pb force at 75T+25S(75% garden soil +25% Pb tailing sand).On the different contents of Pb tailing sand disposal,the disposed tolerance indicators of Tagetes erecta L.are higher than that of Helianthus annuus L.fibrovascular tissue structure of Helianthus annuus L.growing in 100%Pb tailing in incomplete and no clear chlorophyll is observed;the arrangement of epidermis cells on the root tip is missing;the size of epidermis cells is uneven and there is a certain air cavity;and stele structure starts incomplete.When 100%Pb tailing sand disposal is carried out,the tabulated distribution of epidermis cells on the stem tip of Tagetes erecta L.is clearly seen,but the stele structure is not very clear.It indicates that the damage of Pb tailing to the stem tip of Tagetes erecta L.is smaller than that on the strain structure of Helianthus annuus L.(2)The upper part of H.annuus L.had the highest conductivity at 100% Pb tailings,and the conductivity was the lowest at 50 T + 50 S.H.annuus L.underground tolerance will be higher than the ground;T.erecta L.and the underground part of the Pb under the various stress treatment,better than H.annuus L.plants.The activities of SOD in the shoots and underground parts of H.annuus L.increased with the increase of Pb content.The SOD activities in the underground part of the two Compositae plants were higher than those in the aerial part.The POD values of H.annuus L.were decreased with the increase of lead content,but the overall difference was not significant(P <0.05).The POD values of the two Compositae species were lower than those of the albicans.The MDA value of T.erecta L.was not significantly different from that of control at 75 T + 25 S,which indicated that the tolerance of marigold to lead tailings was stronger than that of H.annuus L.H.annuus L.andT.erecta L.underground part of the overall decline in the overall decline in the downward trend.The MDA value of T.erecta L.was not significantly different from that of control at 75 T + 25 S.There were no significant differences in the treatment of 75 T + 25 S,75T + 25 S treatment and 50 T + 50 S treatment,and it was also possible that T.erecta L.had a certain resistance to lead stress.(3)Both the H.annuus L.and T.erecta L.treated with 50 T + 50 S,that the contents of Chlorophyll a(Chl.a)were increased and the contents of chlorophyll b(Chl.b)was increased which were treated with 25 S + 75 T,but decreased at 50 T + 50 S treatment.The chlorophyll contents of 100% lead tailings was the lowest,which indicated that lead heavy metals had a certain effect on the formation of H.annuus L.and T.erecta L.chlorophyll,but T.erecta L.was higher than H.annuus L..In this paper,it was found that most of the variable fluorescence were descending when H.annuus L.and T.erecta L.were used in the treatment of lead tailings.The variable fluorescence of T.erecta L.was increased by 10.42% compared with the control at 50 T + 50 S.The results showed that the efficiency of T.erecta L.leaves was better than that of H.annuus L.,and it was beneficial to the generation of metamonds in 50 T + 50 S treatment.H.annuus L.and T.erecta L.were studied in the treatment of lead waste tailings,and the variable fluorescence of T.erecta L.was increased by 10.42% compared with the control at 50 T + 50 S.The photochemical efficiency of H.annuus L.and T.erecta L.was lower than the normal level,and the efficiency of H.annuus L.light conversion increased and then increased.The chemical quenching of T.erecta L.showed an increasing trend,which was significantly different from that of the control.This indicates that the leaves of T.erecta L.under lead waste disposal are damaged,but the plant produces a lot of photochemical quenching to ensure the photosynthesis in the plant.The chemical quenching of T.erecta L.showed an increasing trend,which was significantly different from that of the control.The photochemical quantum yield of H.annuus L.increased with the increase of heavy metal concentration,and reached the highest at 25 T + 75 S.The actual photochemical quantum yield of T.erecta L.was the most obvious at 25 T + 75 S treatment,which was 13.54 times higher than that of the control.Indicating that treatment at 25 T + 75 S contributes to the increase in photochemical efficiency of H.annuus L.And T.erecta L..(4)The uptake of lead by H.annuus L.and T.erecta L.were increased with the increase of lead content.The content of lead in the aerial part and the underground part of H.annuus L.was the highest under 100% lead tailings treatment.The uptake of lead in the upper and lower part of H.annuus L.was higher than that of T.erectaL.The absorption of lead was the best when treated with 75 S + 25 T.The treatment of Cu content in the other treatments was higher than that of H.annuus L.except that 100% lead tailings were treated lower than H.annuus L.The uptake of Cd content in H.annuus L.decreased with the increase of lead tailings,and the underground part of T.erecta L.was the most obvious at 25 S + 75 T treatment,which was higher than that of H.annuus L..The uptake and decrease of Zn content in H.annuus L.and T.erecta L.were higher and lower than that of control,and the difference between H.annuus L.and T.erecta L.was above,and the highest was 98.57,95.56% and 67.40% respectively,90.98%.The enrichment coefficient of the aerial part and the underground part of H.annuus L.was the lowest at 75 S + 25 T treatment,while the absorption of lead in the underground part of T.erecta L.was the best in 75 S + 25 T treatment.The migration rate of lead was the highest at 75 T + 25 S treatment.The migration rate of H.annuus L.to Cd at 75 T + 25 S was 0.808,and the migration rate of heavy metals was Cd> Zn> Cu> Pb.The treatment of Cd and Zn in T.erectaL.was the highest at 100% Pb tailings,which was 0.731 and 0.883,respectively.The migration rates of heavy metals were Zn> Cd> Pb> Cu.