Chemical Constituents And Bioactivities Of The Spiraea Mongolica Maxim And Its Endophytic Fungi Secondary Metabolites

There are many incurable diseases have not been solved in modern society,so developing safe and effective drugs to reduce patient pain or treat it thoroughly is very significant.Natural products are the main source of innovative drugs with unique physiological activity.Looking for effective bioactive components from natural products as lead compounds is one of the ways to study drugs in the world.Chinese medicine has a long and profound history,it has been built systematically to explore and research the thousands of species of plants since ancient times.These valuable plant resources shoulder a major responsibility for protection of people's health and national breed as a primary weapon of disease prevention.Research on microbial secondary metabolites was begun in the last century through the production of penicillin by Penicillium.Chemical structure and biological activity of microbial secondary metabolites are various,the compositions contain antibiotics,growth hormone,pigments,alkaloids and toxins.Antibiotics could inhibit other kinds of microorganisms,cells and also have lethal effects.Growth hormone is a kind of physiological active substance to stimulate plant grow,it also has toxic effect on human,animal and plant cells.Alkaloids are effective for the treatment of certain diseases.Therefore,the study of microbial secondary metabolites is also an important way of access to explore innovative medicines.The essential oil of Spiraea mongolica Maxim branches,leaves and flowers gathered from Qinghai province was extracted by hydro-distillation and identified with GC-MS.The chemical composition and bioactivity analysis was studied in this paper.Experimental results showed that the main components of essential oil were fatty acids and their derivatives,and therein Ethyl palmitate was 38.631 % of total essential oil,followed by Ethyl linolelaidate 23.58 %,Ethyl linolenate 15.73 %,Ethyl myristate 6.47 %.These constituents confirmed Spiraea mongolica Maxim as food and tea.The methanol extraction part from ground part of Spiraea mongolica Maxim was also isolated and extracted by TLC,silicone column chromatography?CC?,anti-phase C-18 silicone column chromatography and the gel rubber column chromatography and identified with nuclear magnetic resonance ¹H?¹³CNMR and the DEPT,12 compounds were identified: Betulin?1??Betulin acid?2??3,20-dihydroxy-lupine alcohol?3??1?-hydroxy-6,9-dien-8-oxoeremophil-11-nor-11-ketone?4??Ursolic acid?5??Uvaol?6??Scopoletin?7??3-?4-metoxybenzene?-propanal?8??p-butyl Benzoate?9??3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-cinnamaldehyde?10???-sitosterol?11??Stigmasterol?12?.The secondary metabolites of endophytic fungi 1309-15 from Spiraea mongolica Maxim were also studied.Through strain fermentation,extraction with ethyl acetate,extractum was got.By using TLC,CC,RP-C-18 and other means of purification,combineding with modern spectroscopy,4 compounds were identified,1?-hydroxy-6,9-dien-8-oxoeremophil-11-nor-11-ketone?4???Uracil?13??Lupeol?14?? Stigmasterol?12??.The antioxidant,antimicrobial activities of the constituents of essential oil and 14 compounds were tested by DPPH free radical scavenging method and the agar diffusion method.The essential oil showed general antioxidant activity,while had no apparent antmicrobial activity.Some compounds had good antioxidant and antimicrobial activity.To sum up,this article dealed with the essential oil of Spiraea mongolica Maxim and its ground part and secondary metabolites of endophytic fungi in chemical constituents and biological activity,its research results would laid a solid foundation for Spiraea mongolica Maxim food,medicine,pharmacolog and the future development,as well as provide a scientific basis for lead compounds and screening of new drugs.