Preparation Micro/nano Water-dispersablity Biochar And Their Application In Electrochemical Sensor

Biochars?BC?,a carbonized form of leftover biomass,BC can successfully solve the issues of environment caused by combustion,mitigate climate change,restore contaminated soil,absorb harmful substances,increase crop yields,which were extensively employed as new fuels,soil conditioner,adsorbents,complex fertilizers,and so on.Nanomaterials have unusual chemical and physical properties from those of their corresponding bulk materials because of quantum effects.Nanomaterials are popular in many fields because of their unique optical,electronic,mechanical,magnetic,catalytic properties,and so on,which make them ideal candidates for advanced applications in diverse fields.BC are usually block materials with large particle sizes,and block materials difficultly dissolved/dispersed in the water.The development of nanomaterials based on BC could not only enhance their properties,but also endow their new properties and structures,which will be very beneficial to innovating traditional application in environmental and agricultural fields and open up new application in fields of sensor and energy.Moreover,the micro/nano-structures of BC have a critical role in the agronomic value of BC.In our work,different source biomasses were chose as raw materials to prepare biochar.BC was mixed with nanoclay materials after processed and its composites were selected to fabrication the electrochemical sensors that successfully determine the heavy metal ion and pesticide.In addition,its properties,such as stability,selectivity and practicability have been evaluated,as follows:?1?The surface area and adsorption capacity of BC-CMC-MMT composite material enhancement in the electrochemical detection of Cd²⁺ samples showed synergistic enhancement ability.In the rang from 2.0×10-8 to 8×10-5,the regression equation is y =1.38 x + 1.63 with a correlation coefficient of 0.9992 and have a LOD=6.7 nM.Well performance indicated the water-dispersible BC has practical values and serves as sensing material for electrochemically determining heavy metal ions.?2?Preparation of BC by different ways,two kinds of different size range BC was obtained by centrifugal separation after ultrasonic,under the assisted of Nafion,two kinds of modified electrodes based on BC were fabricated,respectively.And they were applied in the electrochemical detection of Pb²⁺,new fuels,raising seedling matrix,heavy metals adsorbent.a.Two modified electrodes show good linear ranges for the determination of Pb²⁺ in concentration ranges of 1.5 × 10-9 M – 8 × 10-7 M for the upper biochar and 8.5 × 10-9 M –8 × 10-6 M for the lower biochar,respectively.Their limits of detection?LOD?are 0.7 nM and 6.8 nM for Pb²⁺,respectively.b.Calorific values of upper and lower-layer biochars reach 32.08 KJ g-1 and 33.21 KJ g-1,respectively.Which were higner than the calorific value of the standard coal fuel is29.31 kJ g-1.c.upper and lower-layer biochars,especially the lower-layer biochar significantly promotes the synthesis of secondary metabolites of Streptomyces702.?3?The phyllostachys edulis was chose as raw material for BC?bamboo charcoal?preparation.Water-dispersible BC dispersion is prepared with the assisted of dolomite and Nafion.Then build BC based composite modified electrodes,and it is successfully applied in pesticide thiamethoxam electrochemical sensor.The modified electrodes show good linear ranges for the determination of Pb²⁺ in concentration ranges of 0.5–35 ?g mL-1,Their limits of detection?LOD?are?g mL-1,which provide certain potential application value in traces detection of pesticide residues in agricultural products.