Status And Countermeasures Study On The Development Of Chinese EIA System

The construction of ecological civilization from the Chinese 12th Five period to the 13th Five is taken to a new level.Chinese environmental protection work has achieved fruitful results,especially in the field of EIA.Pre-assessment not only reduces the environmental impact but also maintains sustainable development.Looking back through the 12th Five period,problems are with the harvest as well as achievements are with the experience.Looking forward to the 13th Five period,seizing the opportunities and facing the challenges of EIA help China achieve green dream.EIA which we can plan ahead prevents adverse environmental impacts in the first place.When the contradiction between economic development and environmental protection,EIA has become the vital force of the natural ecological protection,forward-looking measures to make it according to the actual situation can effectively alleviate the pollution or destruction.Taking of EIA for the study,based on comparative analysis,literature research,investigation,etc.,combined with the practical experience and the EIA study industry market,the writer analyzes the completed comprehensive EIA system during the 12th Five period.Then,according to the current situation of our country,the article analyzes the EIA of development in the coming 13th Five period and makes a list of opportunities and challenges can be caught.Finally,the writer puts forward to a sound EIA system in China countermeasure method for the construction of ecological civilization brainstorming.The main findings are as follows:(1)EIA of the 12th Five period has achieved initial success.The EIA system is becoming more and more perfect.The number of objects in the EIA is increasing.Content is becoming more widespread,and procedures are more standardized.The mumber of public participation is increasing from one to three times.The EIA technologies become updated constantly.The scope of EIA is expanding and the EIA has been widely accepted.The quality of employees improve continuously The scope of the project EIA becomes broader and more intensive.Focused planning and EIA achieves significant benefits while SEA emerges and becomes far-reaching.(2)Some development issues still exist in EIA.First,the top-level design needs to be improved.The legal system is not sound and restrict EIA of the depth and breadth of development.Second,public participation mechanism is not perfect.It hinders the spread of EIA information and is not conducive to EIA to optimize the results of the work.Third,the EIA of market regulation is not enough.The quality of the EIA unit needs to be improved and the staff of EIA needs to be professionalism and strengthened.Fourth,we lack an alternative system,so we are unable to respond to emergencies and major environmental events in the EIA.We also need cooperation and exchange with other countries.(3)Analysis of the opportunities and challenges facing the EIA during the 13th Five period.Legal reform,open government information,the EIA market regulation,are the opportunities to develop the EIA system in China which could not be missed.Improving the evaluation techniques,standardizing assessment scale,outstanding evaluation focus,clarifying responsibilities border,developing strategic environmental assessment,planning and implementing EIA,evaluating the impact of the development environment etc.must be taken to break through the bottleneck.(4)Making suggestions of strong feasibility for the development of EIA of the cause of reference.We can improve the EIA system by expanding the scope,improving the mechanism for public participation,introducing an alternative system,strengthening the judicial oversight mechanisms.We can improve the internal environment of EIA by strengthening the EIA qualification management,improving the quality of employees,regulating the industry market,innovating work methods.We can innovative external environment of EIA by strengthening public education,collaborating with other development sectors,taking different development measures according to different industries,breaking down geographical restrictions.