Flow Laws Of Leaked Oil And Protective Measures Of Large Scale Oil Depot

With the increasing number of large scale oil depot in recent years,the oil depot fire accidents caused by oil leaking occur frequently due to the inflammable and explosive performance of crude oil,the large leakage and the free flowing of leaked oil leads to a large fire covered area,it could cause the secondary hazard easily and make a huge personal casualty and property loss.This kind of accident has a greater perniciousness,the key reason is the unpredictability of oil flowing,unpredictability means uncontrollable,so it is necessary to study the flow laws of leaked oil for controlling the development trend of accident and making some protective measures.This article is based on the actual terrain condition of an oil transportation station,choosing the spot mapping way to get the topographic data,the 3D real terrain model is generated by using Journal batching facilities of Gambit,and the 3D realistic scene is drawed by Skechup.the reliability of VOF model in Fluent was verified through following three aspects: literature examples,flowing laws and impact effect.Linking with the real terrain model,the flow laws of leaked oil in the fire dike are studied by changing storage liquid levels,rupture areas and oil tank types,studied the relations between the terrian conditions and the flow laws of leaked oil outside the fire dike in different dike failure modes,the influence of the surroundings on flow laws of crude oil outside the fire dike was researched.The flowing process was reproduced by making animation,calculated the thermal radiation radius based on the research results and proposed some protective measures.The simulation results showed: the flow laws of leaked oil in the fire dike was proportional to rupture area and storage liquid level,and the law outside the fire dike often depended on the terrain condition and the surroundings.In the simulated conditions of thispaper,the largest impact load the fire dike suffered was 106.44 kPa when the oil tank was ruptured;the oil spill occurred basicly within 1min,the biggest amount of spilled oil from fire dike in 20000m~3 tank group was 8091m~3,and the amount of 50000m~3 tank group was33000m~3.Once the fire dike got failure,the flowing area would increase slowly because of the accumulation of spilled oil when the surroundings outside the fire dike was blocked,the area only increased about 1000m2 in 30 seconds,if the terrain was open,the flowing area would increase rapidly to reach 30000m2 within 60 seconds.The largest impact load of ejective oil on the wall was 23.05 kPa when there was some obstacles around the ruptured pipeline,if the vision was broaded,the oil would jet in line.The fire dike of 50000m~3 tank group had a failure risk in the simulated conditions,its design load was 47.87 kPa,the containing measures and protective measures were suggested based on the analysis of oil flowing laws outside the fire dike.