Research On The Supercritical Fluid Extraction Of Compound Vitamins And Liposome Preparation

Supercritical carbon dioxide has been extensively studied for its unique properties,such as non-toxic,non-explosive,non-flammable and readily available solvent.In this study,the effect of extraction variables,such as extaction temperature,extraction pressure,extraction time,flow rate of supercritical fluid and co-matrices has been investigated on the yield of a-tocopherol and ?-carotene from pumpkin.Then,response surface methodology combined with a Box-Behnken design were used to thoroughly investigate the effect of extraction variables,such as pressure,temperature and the mass ratio of pumpkin flesh against pumpkin seed on the yield of oil,a-tocopherol and ?-carotene from pumpkin.In the study,we also investaged the preparation of vitamin C proliposome wihich could be used to obtain liposomes via hydration.The purpose of this study was to provide technical parameters and the theory for the industrialization of extraction and liposomes.The conclusions were as follows:1.The effect of extraction variables,such as extaction temperature,extraction pressure,extraction time,flow rate of supercritical fluid and co-matrices has been investigated on the yield ofa-tocopherol and ?-carotene from pumpkin.The optimal operationg conditons of 60 min and 25 L/h were obtained.The results indicate that the mass ration of pumpkin flesh against pumpkin seed,extaction temperature and extraction pressure significantly influenced the extraction of a-tocopherol and(3-carotene.2.Box-Behnken design with three factors at three levels of variables was utilized to evaluate and optimize the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction variables of pressure,temperature and mass ratio of pumpkin fesh against pumpkin seeds on the extraction of oil,?-tocopherol and ?-carotene from pumpkin.ANOVA analysis of the experimental data shows a high R-square,refecting that the model was suitable for the experimental data.The results also show that the mass ratio of pumpkin fesh to pumpkin seeds has a highly signifcant influence on the yield of oil,?-tocopherol and?-carotene.The optimal operating conditions of 47.75 ?,30 MPa and 67 mass percentage of seeds were obtained using a desirability function method.Moreover,the experimental values are in agreement with the predicted values.The maximum yield of oil,a-tocopherol and ?-carotene was 14.20±0.80 g/100g sample,9.53±1.20 mg/l00g sample and 20.50±0.50 mg/100g sample.Our experimental results indicate that the present model can be used to design and scale up the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction process ofa-tocopherol and ?-carotene from pumpkin.3.Box-Behnken design with three factors at three levels of variables was utilized to evaluate and optimize the rapid expansion of supercritical solution variables of pressure,temperature and mass ratio of vitamin C against soybean phosphatidylcholine on the load.ANOVA analysis of the experimental data shows a high R-square,refecting that the model is suitable for the experimental data.The optimal operating conditions of 48 ?,25 MPa and 25 mass percentage of vitamin C were obtained using a desirability function method.The predicted value for the load of vitamin C liposome is 75.08%.Triplicate experiments were performed under the optimal operating condition to evaluate the accuracy of the predicted values.The maximum load of vitamin C liposome is 75.38%±1.19%.Moreover,the experimental values are in agreement with the predicted ones.