Study On Chemical Composition Analysis And Extraction Preparation Technology From Oil Tree Peony Seeds

Oil tree Peony is perennial deciduous shrub which belongs to Paeonia Paeoniaceae.It is one of the new woody oil plant in China and native to Chinese.Its oil is rich in unsaturated fatty acids,the content of up to 82.81%⁹3.23%,which mainly contains linolenic acid and linoleic acid,has the function of anti-cardiovascular disease,antioxidant,reducing blood sugar and so on.Since the peony seed oil was approved to be a new resource food in 2011,the oil peony industry has developed rapidly.In addition to peony seed oil,its residues,peony seed meal and seed coat,have gradually become the object of study.In this study,the main natural products of oil peony seed were analyzed,the extraction process and microencapsulation technology of peony seed oil were studied,and the technological conditions of extracting the peony seed meal protein by the method of microwave and ultrasonic were investigated,and the peony seed polypeptide was prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis of peony seed protein as raw material,and the antioxidation was investigated.It provides theoretical support and data reference for improving the utilization rate of peony seed resources.The main results are as follows.?1?GC-MS analysis and detection of peony seed oil showed that 42 kinds of fatty acids were detected out.The number of carbon atoms was 8-27,including linoleic acid and linolenic acid.The unsaturated fatty acids accounted for 81.00%and polyunsaturated fatty acids accounted for 64.27%.The peony seed oil was extracted by microwave assisted aqueous enzymatic extraction,cellulase?3%?,pectinase?0.3%?and neutral protease?0.07%?were selected as complex enzymes,and the average yield of peony seed oil was 24.59%under the best conditions of enzymolysis pH5.5,enzymolysis temperature 55,enzymolysis time 4h,microwave power700W,microwave temperature50?,microwave time 6 min.In the process of microencapsulation of peony seed oil,a single factor experiment was done with three factors of wall material ratio,core wall ratio,emulsion total solid,and then optimized by orthogonal experiment,the best technological conditions were soy protein isolate:malt dextrin 1:1,core wall ratio1:1.5,emulsion total solid 16.67%,and the embedding rate of Microcapsule was84.61%.?2?The basic nutrition components of peony seed meal and peony seed coat of Shandong were tested by national standard method respectively.And the protein 10.03%,28.12%,fat 10%,6.19%,crude fiber 6.42%,3%,crude polysaccharide 0.47%and5.28%were measured respectively in peony seed coat and peony seed meal.The contents of Cu 15.94?g/g,20.95?g/g,Fe 167.56?g/g,651.3?g/g,Zn 113.94?g/g,172.63?g/g,Mn 30.13?g/g,35.05?g/g in peony seed coat and peony seed meal were measured by flame atomic absorption spectrometry.Paeoniflorin 0.49mg/g,1.54mg/g,paeonol 0.06mg/g,0.01mg/g were found in peony seed coat and peony seed meal by high performance liquid chromatography.The main chemical constituents in different parts of the peony seed had little difference,but the relative content was different.The proportion of fat,crude fiber and paeonol in peony seed coat was larger than that of peony seed meal.The rest of the chemical components,such as protein,crude polysaccharide,four mineral element and paeoniflorin in the peony seed meal contain larger account than that of peony seed coat.Therefore,according to different needs,different parts of the peony seed can be selected to improve the utilization efficiency.?3?The protein content in the Peony seed meal is rich.The amino acid analysis results showed that the peony seed meal contains 25.22%amino acids,and the essential amino acids accounted for 34.67%of the total amino acid content,non essential amino acids accounted for 65.33%.It is found that the content of amino acids in peony seed meal is rich,and the value of its exploitation and utilization is great.?4?Extract peony seed protein with microwave and ultrasonic assisted reverse micelles respectively.And the optimum process condition was confirmed by single factor and response surface test.With the optimal conditions of microwave-assisted method such as microwave temperature 48?,microwave time 10min,microwave power 400W,the extraction rate of peony seed protein was 48.28%.With the optimal conditions of ultrasound assisted method such as ultrasonic time 60min,ultrasonic temperature 30?,and the ratio of material to liquid at 1:50,the extraction rate of peony seed protein was 84.34%.It is found that the extraction rate of ultrasonic assisted extraction is higher than that of microwave-assisted extraction.?5?With the protein of peony seed as the raw material and the hydrolysis degree as the index,the alkaline protease was used to study the preparation of peony seed polypeptide by enzyme method.Respectively,enzyme dosage,substrate concentration,enzymolysis time and temperature as the influence factors of the degree of hydrolysis,did the experiment of single factor,and to optimize the processing with orthogonal experiment.The results showed that the optimum process was as follows,enzyme dosage 10000U/g,substrate concentration 2%,enzymolysis time 3h,enzymolysis temperature 60?,in this condition,the hydrolysis degree of peony seed protein was26.78%.The antioxidant activities of peony seed polypeptide were studied by two systems of scavenging DPPH and hydroxyl radicals.The results showed that the peony seed polypeptide had certain antioxidant activity,and scavenging DPPH free radicals(IC₅₀=0.179mg/mL)was stronger than scavenging hydroxyl radicals(IC₅₀=0.841mg/mL).