The Technology Development Of Process For The Production Of Blending Components In High-octane Gasoline By C₄ Alkylation

With the concept of sustainable development and enhancement of environmental protection consciousness,gasoline quality requirements are getting higher and higher.So more and more people start to focus on the alkylation gasoline,which is an ideal component of clean gasoline due to its aromatic-free,alkene-free,low vapour pressure,low sensitivity and high octane number.Sulfuric acid alkylation is one of the most important processes to produce alkylation gasoline.The dispersion of hydrocarbon in acid phase has a significant effect on reaction process and the quality of alkylation gasoline in sulfuric acid alkylation,while there are also many key parameters for the alkylation reaction such as paraffin to olefin ratio,acid to carbon ratio,reaction temperature and feed flowrate of the reactor.Firstly,in order to investigate the mixing effect of the 90 SX nozzle whose structure has not been improved,we first test the quality of the non-agitating sulfuric acid alkylation by thermal model experiments under different reaction conditions.Secondly this dissertation simulated the dispersion of acid/n-heptane by nozzle ejection in detail by the mean of CFD(computational fluid dynamics).After that,the paper examines the reaction effects of the thermal experiments installing the 180 SX nozzle,and determines the optimal reaction conditions for the non-agitation sulfuric acid alkylation and structural parameters of the reactor.Three kinds of nozzles with different structure were simulated by mean of CFD.The mixing performance was evaluated in some aspects of mixing characteristics,distributing features and pressure drop.The results showed that the 180 SX nozzle had the best mixing effect.Based on the numerical simulation results of nozzle,the atomization performance of 180 SX nozzle and dispersion performance of acid and n-heptane were investigated.It is showed that the liquid particle distributions mainly ranged from 0 ?m~500 ?m.The diameter of most atomization droplets was not larger than 1000 ?m.The smaller droplets could be obtained while the liquid flow rate assumes higher.For the mixing cold model experiment,the higher acid to hydrocarbon ratio,the better the mixing effect of emulsion stability.Additionally,the optimized nozzle has more mixing capabilities of acid and hydrocarbon than the original one.Comparing the nozzle's mixing cold model experiment results with the result of stirring cold model experiments,we can conclude that the mixing effect of mechanical stirring is better than that of unamplifying 180 SX nozzle,but is worse than that of amplifying 180 SX nozzle,while the mixing of 180 SX nozzle have the advantage of energy conservation,so new non-agitating sulfuric acid alkylation reactor could use the magnifying 180 SX nozzle for acid-hydrocarbon mixing.After that,this dissertation examines the effects of thermal model experiment after the installation of the 180SX-nozzle with improved structure,determining the optimum reaction parameters of non-agitating sulfuric acid alkylation.By investigating the influence of these significant parameters such as acid to hydrocarbon ratio,reaction temperature,reaction pressure and concentration of butene feed,optimal operating parameters of non-agitating sulfuric acid alkylation are determined.After determining the parameters of the non-agitating sulfuric acid alkylation reaction,this dissertation finished the initial design of the non-agitating sulfuric acid alkylation reactor with the annual production of 200 thousand tons and the annual operating time of 8400 hours.Finally this paper determined non-agitating sulfuric acid alkylation process and give out the process flow diagram.