1-Decene Oligomerization Catalyzed By Immobilized BF₃

PAO is a good lubricant base oil,BF₃ is an excellent catalyst in olefin oligomerization.Liquid promoter-BF₃ system has a high rate conversion of oligomerization and a centralizated distribution of oligomer products.In order to overcome the difficult in separation of liquid promoter and the olefin oligomer,and avoid the device corrosion and the environmental pollution,the method of solid promoter supported by different carriers with BF₃immobilized is studied in this paper.According to the physicochemical properties of products obtained by1-Decene oligomerization,chromatographic conditions of the products analysis are investigated and optimized.The optimal chromatographic conditions are got finally.Using polyethylene glycol,pentaerythritol,sucrose as promoter in1-decene oligomerization catalyzed by BF₃,the following conclusion can be obtained:The PEG/BF₃ system,pentaerythritol/BF₃ system,sucrose/BF₃system all can be used to catalyze 1-decene oligomerizating.The pentaerythritol/BF₃ system is the best.The effects on the conversion rate of the1-Decene oligomerization of mass ratio of pentaerythrotol and 1-Decene,reaction time,reaction temperature are investigated.When the mass ratio of pentaerythrotol and 1-Decene is 1 to 10,the reaction time is 2.5 hours and the reaction temperature is 20?,the best results can be gained.The conversion rate of the 1-Decene oligomerization is 97.9%.The percent content of trimer and tetramer is up to 84.2%.promoter supported by carriers,such as activated carbon,alumina,silica,molecular sieve are studied.The pentaerythritol/BF₃ system is optimized.Process conditions of the PEG/BF₃ system and the sucrose/BF₃ system are studied subsequently.Results can be obtained as follows:The alumina-pentaerythritol/BF₃ system is the best,whose conversion rates are all above 90%,the average content of trimer and tetramer are all up to 77%.After distillation and hydrogenation,polyolefin synthetic oil catalyzed by the pentaerythritol/BF₃ system is a kind of good lubricating base oils:The viscosity of at 40?is 15.8 mm²·s^-1;The viscosity at 100?is 4.3 mm²·s^-1,the viscosity index is 197,the flash point is 285?,the condensation point is-41?.Polyolefin synthetic oil catatylzed by the PEG/BF₃ system,the viscosity of at40?is 11.1 mm²·s^-1;The viscosity at 100?is 3.2 mm²·s^-1,the viscosity index is 166,the flash point is 201?,the condensation point is-57?.Polyolefin synthetic oil catalyzed by the sucrose/BF₃ system is also a kind of good lubricating base oils:The viscosity at 40?is 12.9 mm²·s^-1;The viscosity at100?is 3.5 mm²·s^-1,the viscosity index is 159,the flash point is 227?,the condensation point is-54?.The products are a kind of high quality polyolefin synthetic lubricant which has low solidifying point?high flash point?low viscosity and high viscosity index.