Study On Environmental Carrying Capacity Of Livestock And Poultry Farming Based On GIS

In recent years,as people's demand for livestock and poultry products continues to increase,the livestock and poultry husbandry industry has developed rapidly.The increase in the scale of farming has brought about a considerable amount of livestock and poultry manure,causing great environmental pressure on water,air,soil and other natural ecological factors,which has led to serious livestock and poultry breeding pollution.In view of the ecological environment problems caused by livestock and poultry breeding activities,through the analysis and study of the influencing factors of livestock and poultry breeding activities,the capacity of different spatial locations in the region for livestock and poultry breeding activities is determined.The research can provide theoretical guidance and reference basis for the rational planning of the spatial layout of livestock and poultry husbandry and the pollution control of livestock and poultry husbandry.This article takes Yangcheng County of Shanxi Province as the research object.Through the analysis of the influencing factors of the environmental bearing capacity of livestock and poultry breeding pollution,the key indicators affecting the regional carrying capacity of livestock and poultry breeding are selected and a comprehensive evaluation system is established.The spatial analysis function of GIS is used for the region.The quantification and calculation of the breeding environment in different geographical spaces will determine the spatial distribution of environmental carrying capacity of livestock and poultry in the county.Combine the field investigation results of livestock and poultry farming pollution in the study area and provide suggestions for the adjustment of the spatial structure of livestock and poultry breeding in the county.The main research results of this paper are as follows:(1)The establishment of a comprehensive evaluation index system:Based on the theoretical basis of environmental carrying capacity theory,ecological economics theory,and sustainable development theory,combined with relevant research results,the relationship between environmental carrying capacity of livestock and poultry and natural ecological environment is analyzed.Then through expert consultation methods to analyze and screen,and ultimately determine the natural resources,social and economic environment,the ecological environment tolerance of the three standard layers and the availability of water resources,available land resources and other eleven index layers of livestock and poultry breeding environmental bearing capacity Evaluation System.According to the analytic hierarchy process,the weight of each index was determined and passed the consistency test.(2)Comprehensive evaluation of regional carrying capacity of livestock and poultry breeding:Taking Yangcheng County as an example,a 28.5m*28.5m grid unit was established in the study area using the GIS spatial analysis function,and the available water resources and available land were used respectively.11 indicators,such as resources,establish a mathematical model and quantify and calculate in grid units.After quantifying the quantified results of each indicator,the environmental carrying capacity of livestock and poultry in the county was calculated by using the weighted composite index method,and the comprehensive evaluation results of the environmental carrying capacity of livestock and poultry husbandry in Yangcheng County was divided into four levels according to the grading standards:Higher,medium,and low,respectively determine its distribution.(3)Regional spatial structure adjustment of livestock and poultry:Through field research in the study area,the county's scaled livestock and poultry breeding farms were determined on the structure of aquaculture,scale of cultivation,methods of pollutant disposal,and impact on the surrounding ecological environment.The amount of livestock and poultry manure produced and the load of arable land were estimated and the pollution distribution of livestock and poultry in the county was analyzed.Combined with the comprehensive evaluation results of the regional carrying capacity of livestock and poultry breeding environment,it provided reference opinions on the optimization of spatial layout of livestock and poultry husbandry in the county and prevention of agricultural pollution.