| Objective: Purple yam(purple Dioscorea alata L)is a dioscorea plant yam,according to the "Compendium of Materia Medica" records,purple yam has nourishing lung and kidney,spleen and antidiarrhea,etc.,which is used for both medicine and food,is superior to similar yam in terms of taste.In addition to the active ingredients of yam,purple yam is also rich in anthocyanins,which have significant functions in anti-aging,anti-oxidation,anti-cancer and immune regulation.At present,the development of purple yam products at home and abroad is limited to ordinary foods,and it does not really make effective use of the characteristics of purple yam medicine and food homology.In order to more fully develop the purple yam product,this study first studied the preparation process of Purple Yam Oral Liquid combined with the extraction process of anthocyanin,and drew up the Purple Yam Oral Liquid quality standard draft;animal experiments were conducted on the anti-aging and immunomodulatory functions of Purple Yam Oral Liquid,and it was verified that this oral liquid is a health food with both anti-aging and immune regulation functions.Methods: Single-factor and orthogonal experiments were used to optimize solvent extraction and ultrasonic-assisted extraction of purple yam anthocyanin respectively;optimization of the preparation of purple yam oral liquid,the content of anthocyanin was determined by the pH differential method and the content of polysaccharide was determined by sulfuric acid-phenol method in purple yam oral liquid;the purple yam Oral liquid quality standards draft was drafted;D-galactose was used to replicate mouse aging model and the times of spontaneous activity,organ index,SOD,GSH-Px,T-AOC,CAT activity and MDA content were measured to study the pharmacology of anti-senility in Purple Yam Oral Liquid.Hydrocortisone was used to replicate the mouse immunocompromise model and the lymphocyte transformation rate,thymus index,spleen index were measured to study the immunoregulatory function of Purple Yam Oral Liquid.Results: The solvent extraction method of purple yam anthocyanins was optimized: the ethanol concentration was 30%(containing 1% citric acid),the extraction temperature was 70°C,and the extraction time was 2 h,and the liquid ratio was 1:40.The optimal ultrasonic-assisted extraction method for purple yam anthocyanins was as follows: ultrasonic power was 300 W,ultrasonic time was 25 min,extraction temperature was 45 °C,solid-liquid ratio was 1:40,and ethanol concentration was 20%,under this condition,the yield of anthocyanin was 0.9638 mg/g.Purple Yam Oral Liquid was optimized by using ultrasonic-assisted extraction method,and it was determined that the content of anthocyanin should not be lower than 0.4300 mg per 10 ml,the polysaccharide content should not be lower than 30.451 mg per 10 ml oral liquid.Compared with the model group,Purple Yam Oral Liquid group can significantly increase the number of times of spontaneous activity in mice,increase brain,liver,heart,spleen and thymus index,increase lymphocyte transformation rate,and increase SOD,GSHPx,T-AOC,CAT activity and decreased MDA content in brain and liver tissues(p<0.05).The results showed that Purple Yam Oral Liquid has the functions of anti-aging,anti-oxidation and immunity enhancement.Conclusion: The preparation process of Purple Yam Oral Liquid is reasonable,and the method for determining the content of the active ingredient is simple to operate,easy to control,suitable for industrial production;the oral liquid can delay aging,anti-oxidation,and improve the body immunity. |
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