Research On Evacuation Route Generation Technology Based On Building Information Modeling

With the rapidly development of city construction, much complex building emerged in the city. When the fire break out, the trapped people need to escape in the first time. As the building is more and more complex, the construction has different functions, evacuation paths are complex and diverse. The trapped people are not familiar with the building structure. A general lack of effective preventive measures and lack of escape skills, makes the trapped people difficult to escape. Fire commander arriving at the scene of the fire need to quickly make the rescue plan carefully, but the complex internal structure makes rescue difficult in an orderly manner, and even cause fire casualties.At present, the traditional fire evacuation route guidance is fire evacuation schematic.The evacuation route guidance mainly exists two disadvantages. First, guidance is in the form of a two-dimensional display. Two-dimensional evacuation schematic is intuitive poor in modern large buildings with complex structure. Second, static expression is not according to the fire point position, so it lack of flexibility. Because the position of fire point has close connection with fire accident rescue routes and building layout. So the traditional evacuation schematic diagram has been difficult to meet the evacuation guidance demand, and evacuation rescue demand. Therefore the use of the universal emergency evacuation schematic to direct the rescue will affect the evacuation and rescue efficiency.In view of the above problems, this paper mainly do the following three aspects of work. First, Taking the existing large building as the research object to built a building information modeling on the basis of BIM technology, then secondary development is carried out on the b uilding information model to build a fire evacuation model. Second, the geometry information and attribute information are extracted for the need of evacuation from the fire information m odel. Then the related information are mathematical processed for constructs the mathematica l model,which is used for the input of the ant colony algorithm and generating evacuation rou te, making the evacuation path more accurately. Third, using the generated evacuation route to the fire evacuation model display to achieve the intuitive evacuation route guidance.This paper proposed dynamic evacuation path guiding method based BIM Technology, and combined with BIM and virtual reality technology established the fire evacuation model. The fire evacuation model provide 3D visualization display of the physical construction and has advantage in the information transfer aspects than ordinary planar map display. Then, using ant colony algorithm and the graph related technologies on the three-dimensional mathematical model to realize the three-dimensional dynamic evacuation route guidance. So the fire evacuation path more intuitive, evacuation drills more convenient, fire and rescue command is more efficient.