Construction And Application Of Greenway Landscape Evaluation Model Based Upon Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)

Green way from the countryside into the city centre, organic combination of various kinds of valuable natural and cultural resources, both ecological, social, economic and cultural functions. In 2009, Guangdong first covering the entire province greenway network planning and construction work, presented a greenway construction throughout the country. However, blind development will inevitably lead to the greenway function is not sound or have a negative impact. Although there are a lot of research on greenway planning design method, but the comprehensive evaluation research of built greenway have been not keep up with, and therefore lack of practice in the future will be to carry out the feedback effect of the construction of the greenway, more missing rapid construction, the research of how to improve and maintain. In this background, this article through the green landscape evaluation research, reasonable analysis werecarried out on the greenway landscape, can provide a scientific basis for the future of the benign development, comprehensive utilization, and reasonable evaluation and so on of greenway.This paper analyzes the system on concepts of greenway, landscape and landscape evaluation.The intension and extension of the research object wereidentified. And the theory and method of landscape evaluation at home and abroad are compared, evaluation method and train of thought in this paper is concluded. Landscape aesthetics, landscape science, ecology theory as the foundation, with fuzzy analytic hierarchy process(AHP), Fuzzy Delphi methodfor landscape quality evaluation method, evaluate the greenway landscape evaluation factor system and the factor weights and evaluation model for research, select the greenway landscape evaluation factor, the evaluation model was established, in order to the optimization of the greenway landscape, building management and provide a basis and reference. The main contents and results wereas follows:(1) The greenway landscape evaluation factor system. Through the literature research and expert consultation, the combination of comprehensive at present about landscape(aesthetics and visual) evaluation of the existing research results, combined with expert advice, summarizes the factors affecting the greenway landscape, from the spectator, ecosystem function, culture, four aspects to establish green road landscape evaluation factor group, a total of 34 factor. And on this basis, through the fuzzy Delphi method screening evaluation factors, and finally got 19 greenway landscape evaluation factor, established the evaluation factor system. Respectively primary principles: ornamental, functional, cultural, ecological.Rule of secondary factors: green landscape overall sensory, green coverage, the seasonal change, change degree field of vision, the diversification of landscape types, landscape space construction, the accessibility of the greenway and traffic cohesion, green passage for recreation resource connectivity, recreation facilities, explanation and indication facilities, sanitation, safety, the local characteristics of landscape, cultural landscape and historical relics protection use, link, fragmentation of landscape and reduce the landscape fragmentation, plant diversity, zonal native tree species application, utilization and protection of the original environment, vegetation coverage.(2) The greenway landscape evaluation model building. After the evaluation factors, through questionnaire to collect experts about the importance of each factor to target the greenway landscape evaluation, analytic hierarchy process(AHP) is used to calculate the weight value of various factors, importance, and through the normalization processing finally got green landscape evaluation model. Model formula were as follows: LDMX=0.1350A+0.1003B+0.0886C+0.0868D+0.0525E+0.0511F+0.0493G+0.0463 H +0.0423I+0.0422J+0.0416K+0.0407L+0.0349M+0.0347N+0.0341P+0.0324Q+0.0312R+0.0310S+0.0248 T, or LDMX=5A+4B+4C+3D+2E+2F+2G+2H+2I+2J+2K+2L+M+N+P+Q+R+S+T. They can be used for quantitative evaluation and comparison or qualitative evaluation respectively.(3) Case analysis- the Guangzhou greenway landscape evaluation. Through the questionnaire survey and field sample plot survey obtained data of qualitative and quantitative factors in appraisal factor. The quantitative factor through standardized data processing, and the qualitative factor data unified under the same standard. Use green makes an analysis of the landscape model, finally it is concluded that the Guangzhou green road landscape evaluation value is 3.6, shows that Guangzhou city green landscape of overall level is on the medium slightly.