Kinematics Simulation And Optimization Design Of Multi-axis Steering System

According to the Ackermann steering principle, when the car is steering, all the steering wheels should rotate around the same point on the ground, so as to ensure the smooth steering of the car, reduce the wear of the tire. However, in the actual design and production process, all the wheels cannot completely meet the theoretical requirements, only through a certain mechanical transmission mechanism, to ensure that the wheel steering characteristics as close to the ideal curve. The majority of medium and heavy duty commercial vehicles are controlled by the steering trapezoid mechanism to match the internal and external rotation angles.For the single axle steering vehicle, the stability and tire wear of the vehicle can be improved by the optimization of the trapezoidal mechanism. For the engineering vehicles of heavy load and multi axle steering, the matching relationship between the wheel angle of the steering wheel is mainly ensured by the two ways: First is the traditional mechanical control, through the multi links mechanism to ensure the rotation of the wheel, which is currently the mainstream of engineering machinery and heavy-duty freight cars; Second is the full hydraulic steering, the distribution of the full hydraulic steering gear to ensure the size and matching of the wheel angle. There is also a number of ultra large engineering machinery, the front of the vehicle is controlled by mechanical mechanism, the rear of the vehicle using the full hydraulic control.The object of this paper is the 100 ton truck crane chassis steering system. Which first and second axle is for steering, third and fourth axle is for driving, fifth axle is for steering and driving. The steering angles between the axles are controlled by mechanical transmission. Firstly, the model of the vehicle steering mechanism is built by ADAMS software, and the position of points is parameterized, and the difference between the theoretical angle and the practical angle is set as the objective function, and to minimize the optimization, so as to obtain the size of the rod system and steering trapezoid. This method has greatly improved the accuracy of the conventional planar four link optimization method. And compared with the method of establishing the mathematical model of the matrix, the operation is simplified greatly, and the designer's mathematics level requirements are not so high. Besides the introduction of theoretical system, this paper will describe the specific software operation in detail.