Study On The Spatial Design Of Cabins Underwater Based On Environment Psychology

In recent years, due to the economic growth and the acceleration of modernization in China, higher requirements have been made for the environmental design of ship cabins.Modern cabins are expected to ensure a high quality life, improve the living standard of seafarers and meet their physical and psychological demands. With a good knowledge of environmental psychology, designers can make designs that will meet people's demand psychologically and provide convenience and comfortable environment for their life. After it was introduced into China, environmental psychology has become a general foundation for environmental design and an indispensable factor of design concepts. However, this theory has seldom been adopted by Chinese designers for environmental design of underwater cabins,and relevant research is rarely seen, which requires us to further explore in this respect.This paper starts with a discussion on the correlation between the environment of underwater cabins for multi-dwellers and the mental behaviors of ship crew, and then attempts to summarize and conclude some design principles and methods through theoretical study and field research. It aims to offer certain guidance for the spatial and environmental design of underwater mini-dwellings and provide some construction suggestions and scientific approaches for ensuring physical and mental health of ship crew and enhancing the combat effectiveness of submersible warships. Furthermore, this paper attempts to enrich the theoretical foundation for domestic studies of spatial and environmental design based on environment psychology.Referring to the basics of environment-behavior stress theory, the paper elaborates on the law of human behaviors in environment, and with a literature reviewing method, makes a comparative analysis on the history and the status quo of applying environmental psychology in spatial and environmental design at home and abroad. In addition to that, relevant theories of environmental psychology are introduced. Apart from that, it is also proposed that the environmental design of a residence should be regarded as the basis of dwelling design and also as the start of a humanistic design style, and then with a design method integrating function, space, color and material etc., the theoretical hierarchy of environmental design for dwellings can be established. Meanwhile through an inductive approach, the paper centers on the aesthetic study of psychology and by combining theories of environmental psychology,explains why physical and mental environments should be integrated in designing the space and environment of dwellings. By giving out questionnaires and collecting and analyzing corresponding feedback so, this paper makes an in-depth analysis of the level of satisfaction seafarers, mostly males, with the cabins they dwell, and the influence of living conditions on them. In a word,on the theoretical foundation of environmental psychology,the study integrates theoretical analysis, literature review and field survey to explore methods for designing mini dwelling in submersible watercrafts.According to researches, currently the mini dwelling in submersible watercrafts can meet the requirements of ship crew physically, but not psychologically. For instance, colors, lights,furniture in the cabin and even its layout are unable to arouse a sense of joy in their mind. In view of that,the author puts forward measures for improving the environmental design of mini dwellings of submersible watercrafts according to the principles and methods concluded from the survey of current underwater cabins. In other words, with consideration to the feeling, perception, interest, hobby and personality, etc. of the seafarers, these measures emphasize the adjustment of colors, lights, furniture and layout of cabins and thus render the design concept a humanistic element. Cabins designed in this way can truly serve the dwellers psychologically.